Portulaca grandiflora Hook.

Rose moss (en), Pourpier à grands fleurs (fr), Chevalier-d'onze-heures (fr), Pourpier à grandes fleurs (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Portulacaceae > Portulaca

Characteristics

Annual or short-lived perennial; stems procumbent or ascending, 2.8–3.5 mm thick at the base, branching, up to 20(–30) cm high.. Leaves alternate, fleshy, linear-terete, 1–3 cm long, 2 mm wide, acute; axillary hairs in conspicuous shaggy tufts up to ± 7 mm long.. Flowers very large, purple, orange, pink, red, yellow or white, 2.5–3 cm wide, in terminal clusters of 3–5, encircled by 8–14 involucral leaves enclosing woolly hairs around the base of the flowers; involucral leaves resembling the stem leaves but slightly larger.. Sepals 6–8 mm long with a small apical crest; petals 5 or more, obovate, 15–30 mm long, rounded, lacking an apiculum; stamens 40–80; stigma 7–9-branched.. Capsule 4–6.5 mm high, dehiscing near the middle or a little below; seeds broadly reniform, 0.8 mm long, iridescent grey, the testa cells stellate, flat to conical, often tipped with a peg, especially around the periphery.
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Annual herb; stems ascending or prostrate, to 30 cm long, with nodal tufts of hairs. Leaves alternate; blade fleshy, terete or linear-cylindrical, 5-30 x 1-3 mm, obtuse, acute or acuminate at apex. Inflorescence a terminal cluster of 1-3 flowers, surrounded by long (2-3 mm) white or brownish hairs, and an involucre of 6-9(-12) leaves. Flowers to ca. 2.5 cm wide, often double (in horticulture); sepals unequal, deltoid-ovate, 6-10 x 6-8 mm, acute at apex; petals obovate, 1.5-2.5 x 1.5-2.5 cm, sometimes apically notched, whitish (wild), pink, salmon, purple, red or yellow, sometimes striped; stamens numerous, filaments filiform, to 7 mm long, anthers red, ca. 0.8 mm long; style to 1 cm long, stigmas ca. 10 through rebranching of style. Fruit conical, broadly ellipsoid or subglobose, 4-5 x 3-4.5 mm, circumscissile slightly below middle; seeds grey, tuberculate, metallic-iridescent.
Plants annual; roots fibrous. Stems prostrate to suberect; trichomes conspicuous at nodes and in inflorescence; branches to 30 cm. Leaf blades linear to lanceolate, terete to hemispheric, 5-30 × 1-5 mm, apex acute or subacute; involucrelike leaves 8-9(-14). Flowers 25-55 mm diam.; petals pink, red, purple, yellow, bronze, or white, obovate, 15-25 × 15-20 mm; stamens 40 or more; stigmas 5-8. Capsules ovoid, (3.5-)4-6.5 mm diam. Seeds steely gray, often iridescent, orbiculate or elongate, flattened, 0.75-1 mm diam.; surface cells obscurely stellate with tubercles mostly abaxially. 2n = 18.
A herb. It grows each year from seed. It grows 10-30 cm high. It spreads 15-30 cm wide. The stems lie along the ground. They are purple-red and with many branches. There are hairs clustered at the nodes. The leaves are crowded at the tips of the stem. The leaves are 10-25 mm long by 2-3 mm wide. The flowers are large. They are 2-4 cm across. They open at midday. The flowers can be red, purple, yellow or white. The fruit is a capsule with very small seeds. They are kidney shaped and less than 1 mm across.
Stems diffusely branched, ascending or widely spreading, 2–4 dm, hairy at the nodes; lvs linear, subterete, 1–3 cm, the cauline alternate, the terminal crowded, forming an involucre intermingled with long hairs; fls white or various brilliant shades of red or yellow, 2–4 cm wide; stamens numerous, ca 40 or more; style-branches 5–9; 2n=18, 36. Native of Argentina, occasionally escaped from cult. All summer.
Succulent annual herb, up to 150 mm tall. Stigmas red. Filaments reddish purple, anthers yellow. Flowers dark reddish pink.
Stem diffuse with long pale hairs at the nodes
A weed around houses.
Leaves terete
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.15 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.3
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

It is a tropical and subtropical plant. It is best in dry poor soil. They can tolerate drought. It is damaged by frost. It needs well-drained soil. It needs full sun. It is cultivated in China. It suits hardiness zones 8-10.
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Roadsides and waste places in Europe.
Roadsides and waste places in Europe.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 5-7
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The seeds are eaten raw or cooked. They can be ground into powder and used in soups. The leaves are eaten raw or cooked. The root is eaten cooked. Caution: It can contain oxalates.
Uses environmental use food gene source material medicinal
Edible leaves roots seeds
Therapeutic use Antioxidants (flower), Diuretics (leaf), Laxatives (leaf), Scurvy (leaf), Viricide (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. The seed are scattered and simply pressed into the soil lightly. Seedlings can be transplanted. Plants are spaced 15 cm apart.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 29
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Portulaca grandiflora habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Portulaca grandiflora habit picture by Ash Wern (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Portulaca grandiflora leaf picture by nish (cc-by-sa)
Portulaca grandiflora leaf picture by Calantha Conwell (cc-by-sa)
Portulaca grandiflora leaf picture by Tick Luna (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Portulaca grandiflora flower picture by Yves Demouy (cc-by-sa)
Portulaca grandiflora flower picture by Anand k Mishra (cc-by-sa)
Portulaca grandiflora flower picture by Ramírez Francisco (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Portulaca grandiflora world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Benin, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Central African Republic, Canada, China, Cameroon, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Ecuador, Fiji, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Guinea, French Guiana, Guam, Guyana, Honduras, Croatia, India, Italy, Cambodia, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Niue, Nepal, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Paraguay, Suriname, Slovakia, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Tajikistan, Taiwan, Province of China, Uruguay, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208592-2
WFO ID wfo-0000489276
COL ID 6W7KX
BDTFX ID 52095
INPN ID 115208
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Portulaca immersostellulata Portulaca grandiflora f. granulata Portulaca multistaminata Portulaca hilaireana Portulaca mendocinensis Portulaca pilosa subsp. grandiflora Portulaca grandiflora subsp. ruizii Portulaca grandiflora var. purpurea Portulaca grandiflora var. aurantiaca Portulaca grandiflora f. depressa Portulaca pilosa var. grandiflora Portulaca pilosa subsp. cisplatina Portulaca grandiflora var. cisplatina Portulaca grandiflora subsp. cisplatina Portulaca grandiflora var. depressa Portulaca pilosa var. osteniana Portulaca grandiflora

Lower taxons

Portulaca grandiflora var. immersostellulata