Plants annual or perennial, in fresh water. Rhizome inconspicuously present or absent. Stems filiform, terete, ca. 0.5 mm in diam., simple or sparsely branched; dormant turions axillary, narrowly fusiform, with 3-5 acerose leaves. Leaves dimorphic; stipules convolute, 6-10 mm, membranous, free from leaf base. Submerged leaves sessile, linear to filiform, 2.5-7 cm × ca. 1 mm, 3-veined. Floating leaves usually alternate, opposite just below peduncle, petiolate; petiole 1-1.5 cm; blade opaque, ovate to ovate-oblong, rarely lanceolate, 1.5-2.5 cm × 3-11 mm, leathery, 7-veined, base rounded or cuneate, apex acute or obtuse. Spikes with 3-5 whorls of opposite flowers; peduncles 0.8-1.5 cm. Carpels 4. Fruit obovoid, 1.5-2.5 mm, laterally compressed and shortly pedicellate, abaxial keel cristate; beak 1-1.2 mm, slender. Fl. and fr. May-Sep.
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A pond-weed that grows under water. It can grow for one or several years. The stems are thin. The leaves are of 2 forms. The leaves under water do not have leaf stalks and are narrow and 3-7 cm long by 1 mm wide. The floating leaves are alternate and have a leaf stalk. They are oval and 2-3 cm long by 3-11 mm wide.