Pouteria caimito Radlk.

Abiu (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Sapotaceae > Pouteria

Characteristics

Tree to 30 m. Leaves with petioles 5-17 mm long; blades obovate-oblanceolate to elliptic, acute or acuminate, 5-24 cm long, 2-11 cm broad, glabrate, the sec-ondary laterals without particular orientation, the reticulation close. Flowers 1-several per axil, sessile or subsessile (pedicels to 1.5 mm); sepals 4 (2 + 2), 3-4.5 mm long, ovate to oblong-ovate, the inner appressed-sericeous down the middle, otherwise glabrous, the outer soon glabrate; corolla cylindric-urceolate, glabrous, 4.5-8 mm long, the tube 2/3 of the total length, the lobes 4; staminodes linear, flattened, ca 1.5 mm long; staminal filaments ca 2 mm long, attached at the middle of the corolla-tube or slightly below, the anthers ca 1 mm long; ovary 4-locular, densely ascending-sericeous externally (the trichomes 1-2 mm long), the style glabrous, 2-4.5 mm long. Fruit yellow, fleshy, globose to ellipsoid, 5-10 cm long, 4-8 cm broad; seeds 1-4, the scar extending the entire length.
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A medium sized tree. It grows 10-15 m high but can be 40 m high. The trunk is 30 cm across. The tree branches at about 1 m high. The leaves are simple and alternate. The flowers occur singly or in small groups. They are usually on leafless twigs. The fruit is medium to large and is oval with a smooth skin. It is yellow and sweet. It is usually 5-10 cm across. It has a sweet translucent pulp. Unripe fruit contain a gummy latex. There are several named cultivated varieties. There are 1-4 seeds. These are brown and shiny.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.3
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It suits the hot, wet tropical lowlands. It needs a warm climate and year round moisture. It is a tropical plant, but will grow in subtropical places. It enjoys wet soil. It grows naturally in the Amazon and Andes. It grows to 1200 m in the Andes. It cannot tolerate frost. It suits hardiness zones 10-11.
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Forests, especially in areas that are seasonally flooded, and by the coast, at elevations from sea level to 1,500 metres.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-9
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The ripe fruit is eaten raw. They are also used for desserts. Occasionally they are used in ice-cream.
Uses food material medicinal wood
Edible fruits nuts
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. Seed germinate easily. Seedling trees vary in quality. Grafting and air-layering can also be used. Fresh seed are planted and germinate in 4-6 weeks. Some trees are self fertile and others need cross pollinating.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Pouteria caimito leaf picture by Tavares Diego (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Pouteria caimito fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Pouteria caimito fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Pouteria caimito fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Pouteria caimito world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Pouteria caimito threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788845-1
WFO ID wfo-0000281599
COL ID 6VVF5
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 735072
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lucuma caimito Lucuma lasiocarpa Lucuma laurifolia Lucuma temare Pouteria caimito Pouteria lasiocarpa Pouteria laurifolia Pouteria leucophaea Pouteria temare Richardella temare Labatia caimito Labatia lasiocarpa Labatia reticulata Achras caimito Guapeba caimito Guapeba lasiocarpa Guapeba laurifolia Guapebeira brasiliensis Guapebeira laurifolia Achras guapeda Lucuma ternata Caleatia caimito Lucuma laurifolia var. reticulata Pouteria cainito var. laurifolia Pouteria cainito var. typica

Lower taxons

Pouteria caimito 'Graudo'