Trees to 25 m tall; trunk to 1.3 m d.b.h.; bark reddish brown, aging dark blackish gray, scaly, longitudinally fissured; branchlets pendulous, reddish brown or pale brown, aging gray-brown, slender, flexible, slightly pubescent; winter buds reddish brown, ovoid-conical or fusiform-conical, acute. Leaves 2.5-4 cm × ca. 2 mm, stomatal bands 2, abaxial, grayish white, base strongly twisted, apex acute. Seed cones greenish yellow when immature, ripening to dull brown, ovoid-cylindric, 9-13(-18) × 4-6 cm. Seed scales at middle of cones broadly cuneate-flabellate, thick, transversely convex, 2-2.5 × 3-3.5 cm, often resinous, puberulent when young, soon glabrous, faintly striate abaxially. Bracts exserted, not reflexed, lingulate, cusp longer than lateral lobes. Seeds brown, ovoid-conical, 1-1.2 cm × ca. 6 mm; wing pale brown, obovate, 1-1.4 cm.
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Trees to 44m; trunk to 2. diam.; crown broadly conic. Twigs slender, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves (20--)25--45 × 1--1.5mm, bluish green, apex mucronulate. Pollen cones pale yellow. Seed cones 9--20 × 4--7cm. Seeds 9--12mm. 2 n =24.
Slopes, cliffs, and canyons, in chaparral and mixed coniferous forests; at elevations from 200-2,400 metres. Rocky and well drained soils on the seaward slopes of coastal mountain;s at elevations from 275- 2,450 metres.
Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
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