Pyrrhobryum vallis-gratiae (hampe ex Müll.hal.) Manuel

Species

Bryophytes > Rhizogoniales > Rhizogoniaceae > Pyrrhobryum

Characteristics

Plants small to medium-sized, caespitose, dark green or yellow-green with age; terricolous, saxicolous or corticolous. Stems 6-30 mm long, branching above short stipe, tomentose at base, stipe dark brown, naked or with small, distant, scale leaves; in section angular, central strand present, inner cortical cells in 2-4 rows, thickened, outer cortical cells stereids, in 2 rows, reddish. Leaves appressed dry, erect-spreading wet; ovate-lanceolate, 1.8-2.0 mm long; apex acuminate; margins plane, doubly toothed above mid-leaf, bistratose at base, multistratose above; in section forming small knob, 3-4 cells in diameter. Costa percurrent, ventral surface smooth, cells rounded-quadrate, dorsal surface sparsely spinose above mid-leaf, cells short-rectangular; in proximal section elliptical, guide cells 6-8, thickened, ventral stereid band 2 cells thick, dorsal stereid band 3 cells thick, ventral and dorsal surface cells similar, thickened; in distal section subtriangular, guide cells 4, thickened, ventral stereid band 1-2 cells thick, dorsal stereid band 2 cells thick, ventral and dorsal surface cells similar, thickened. Laminal cells rounded, subquadrate, incrassate, somewhat irregular in size and shape, mostly 1:1, smooth; basal cells subquadrate, thickened. Dioicous. Plants similar; perigonia gemmate, on short, lateral branches; leaves oval, abruptly subulate, 1 mm long, margins weakly toothed above. Perichaetia lateral on short branches; leaves oblong to elliptical, abruptly subulate, 2.5-3.0 mm long; margins with single teeth in subula; lower laminal cells rectangular, somewhat sinuolate, rounded and subquadrate above mid-leaf. Seta 15-20 mm long, yellowish; capsule inclined to horizontal, arcuate-clavate, 2 mm long, reddish yellow; exothecial cells subhexagonal, incrassate; stomata present at base of urn, phaneropore; annulus present; peristome double, exostome teeth triangular, 0.5 mm long, brownish yellow, with zig-zag median line, striate below, papillose above, endostome fragile, light yellow, weakly papillose, basal membrane high, segments as high as teeth, narrowly slit along keel, cilia shorter, 1-2; operculum conic with very short apiculus, cells not twisted; calyptra not seen; spores round, 20-25 µm, green, spiculate.
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Distribution

Pyrrhobryum vallis-gratiae world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID 35168040
WFO ID wfo-0001186144
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Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pyrrhobryum vallis-gratiae Mnium vallis-gratiae