Pyrrosia longifolia (Burm.F.) Morton

Species

Pteridophytes > Polypodiales > Polypodiaceae > Platycerioideae > Pyrrosia

Characteristics

Rhizome 1.8-2.7 mm thick, long-creeping, phyllopods 2-6 cm apart, buds about halfway along the internodes. Anatomy: vascular strands 5-7, sclerenchyma sheath distinct, sclerenchyma strands many, scattered within the vascular cylinder, sometimes confluent and almost replacing the parenchyma. Rhizome scales appressed, peltate, 1-3.4 by 0.6-1.5 mm, entire, shining brown or blackish with a distinct hyaline margin. Fronds monomorphic, indistinctly to distinctly stalked, stalks to 0.5-10(-22) cm, lamina 10-110 by 0.7-2(-4.5) cm or longer, strap-shaped, base gradually narrowed, apex rounded to acute. Venation: veins distinct or indistinct, veinlets simple or occasionally forked, free, excurrent. Hydathodes absent. Stellate hairs monomorphic, appressed, a thin to dense mat, the straight rays boat-shaped. Sori apical, closely packed, c. 1 mm wide, several in each areole, deeply sunken, developing acropetally. Sporangia long-stalked, paraphyses in a central bundle, with short, straight rays. Spores irregularly verrucate.
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Plants 20-50 cm tall. Rhizome long creeping, 1.8-2.7 mm in diam., in cross section with many scattered sclerenchyma strands; phyllopodia 2-6 cm apart, lateral buds alternating with phyllopodia. Scales peltate, 1-3.4 × 0.6-1.5 mm, shiny brown or blackish with a distinct, light colored, entire margin. Fronds monomorphic, distinctly to indistinctly stipitate; stipe 1.5-5 cm; lamina strap-shaped, 16-60 × 1-3 cm, often ± narrowed in fertile part, base ± gradually narrowed, apex acute to rounded. Hydathodes absent. Indument sometimes fugacious, monomorphic, sparse or thin; hairs 0.3-0.4 mm in diam., with appressed, boat-shaped rays. Sori sunken, with central bundle of stellate paraphyses. Sporangia with stalks up to 2 × as long as capsule.
Rhizome long-creeping, branched, 1.5-4 mm diam. Scales narrowly ovate, (1–) 2.5–5 mm long, 0.9–1.5 mm wide, appressed, shiny, dark to blackish brown in the middle, with pale chartaceous entire to ragged margins. Fronds erect to pendulous, 3–66 cm long. Stipes scattered, winged to base, (0–) 0.6–6 (–10) cm long. Lamina long, narrow, fleshy, recurved, 0.7–3.6 cm wide; apical portion narrowest; upper surface pale green, glabrous; lower surface silvery grey, covered with a close thin layer of interlacing hairs; midrib raised beneath. Sori round, 0.5–1.2 mm diam., crowded in 4–8 rows on either side of midrib, reaching half to nearly three-quarters of the way down lamina. Spores 47.5–75 µm long, 27.5–40 µm wide, irregularly verrucose.
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Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
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Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.25
Root system rhizome
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Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grows on trees, logs and boulders in rainforest, on rainforest margins and in open forests, often on trees bordering mangrove swamps and behind sand dunes near the sea.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Dysentery (unspecified), Labor (unspecified)
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Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

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Images

Pyrrosia longifolia unspecified picture

Distribution

Pyrrosia longifolia world distribution map, present in Australia, China, Indonesia, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17416320-1
WFO ID wfo-0001115925
COL ID 4QW8Q
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 671396
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pyrrosia fissa Pyrrosia longifolia Cyclophorus acrostichoides f. carnosa Cyclophorus acrostichoides Niphobolus acrostichoides Pyrrosia acrostichoides Niphobolus fissus Cyclophorus longifolius Cyclophorus scolopendrium Niphobolus longifolius Acrostichum bicolor Niphobolus scolopendrium Niphobolus puberulus Gyrosorium fissum Polypodium macropodum Cyclophorus macropodus Pyrrosia macropoda Cyclophorus induratus Cyclophorus valleculosus Cyclophorus cinnamomeus Pyrrosia coccideisquamata Candollea longifolia Polypodium acrostichoides Acrostichum longifolium Cyclophorus acrostichoides var. fissum Cyclophorus acrostichoides var. gracilis Cyclophorus acrostichoides var. backeri