Rhamnus lanceolata Pursh

Shrub 1–2 m; lvs alternate, lanceolate to elliptic, 3–8 cm at maturity, usually less than half as wide, short-acuminate, finely serrulate with incurved teeth, the somewhat upcurved lateral veins several (generally more than 4) on each side; petiole mostly 4–10 mm; fls appearing with the lvs, 4-merous, the staminate mostly 2–3 per axil, the pistillate mostly solitary; pet broadly obcordate, 1–1.2 mm in the staminate fls, 0.5–0.8 mm in the pistillate; styles 2, connate two-thirds their length; fr black; stones 2. Moist, especially calcareous soil. Var. lanceolata, with the lvs and young branches densely and softly pubescent at anthesis, the lvs permanently pubescent beneath, occurs in mt. woods from s. Pa. to Ala. Var. glabrata Gleason, with the lvs and young branches at anthesis nearly or quite glabrous, occurs from O. and Ky. to S.D., Kans., and Ark.