WorldFloraDB - Rhamnus staddo

Characteristics

Deciduous shrubs or small trees, 0.5–7 m. tall, sometimes scandent.. Bark smooth, grey; slash cream; year-old branches dark brown-grey, slender, glabrate; youngest twigs densely to less commonly sparsely hispidulous with grey hairs 0.1–0.2 mm. long; short shoots (many-noded twigs) often produced late in the growing season; elongated twigs occasionally thorn-tipped.. Leaf-blades obovate or narrowly obovate or broadly oblanceolate, rarely elliptic, (1–)2–3(–4.4) cm. long, (5–)6–15(–20) mm. wide, cuneate, blunt to acute and mucronate, dark olive green or brown-green (at least when dry), glabrous or hispidulous on the major nerves beneath and occasionally above or rarely hispidulous on both surfaces with grey hairs 0.1–0.2 mm. long, obscurely glandular-serrulate or occasionally with the teeth reduced to vanishingly small size, with 5 to 8 pairs of obscure secondary nerves; petioles (1–)2–5(–8) mm. long, usually at first hispidulous and later glabrescent.. Stipules filiform to subulate, 1–3 mm. long, caducous to subpersistent.. Flowers borne singly at the nodes, often appearing at the nodes of the short-shoots of the previous season and thus in somewhat fascicle-like aggregations, greenish or sometimes said to be cream colour or orange, fragrant; pedicels usually glabrous, 1–2 (–4) mm. long in flower, in fruit ± 2(–4.5) mm. long.. Cup glabrous or rarely hispidulous.. Sepals 4, deltoid, 1–1.7 mm. long, glabrous or rarely hispidulous on back.. Petals 4, linear to oblanceolate, ± 0.5–0.8 mm. long, not clasping, caducous.. Stamens 4, said to be brownish when fresh.. Fruit nearly globose, ± 5–5.5 mm. long, reddish or scarlet when ripe, with 3 stones or by abortion fewer, each stone on drying eventually capable of colubrinoid dehiscence, revealing an orange or brick red inner lining.. Seed ± 4–5 mm. long, pale brownish, smooth, with a ventral groove.

More

Leaves crowded at the end of short shoots; lamina 1·2–2·5 (3·5) × 0·7–1·5 cm., narrowly elliptic, elliptic, narrowly obovate or obovate, rounded and often emarginate at the apex, margin entire or obscurely denticulate, cuneate at the base, shining above, dull beneath, secondary nerves in 4–5 pairs, sparingly puberulous above; petiole 1–3 mm. long; stipules minute, ciliate.

A shrub or small tree. It grows 7 m tall. It loses its leaves during the year. Young branches have grey hairs. The leaf blades are narrowly oval and 2-3 cm long by 6-15 mm wide. The flowers occur singly at the nodes. They are usually green but can be orange. The fruit are round and 5 mm across.

Shrub or tree to 7 m. tall; branches puberulous or glabrous, frequently spine-tipped; bark black.

Flowers 4-merous, with pedicels 1–3 mm. long lengthening to 8–10 mm. long in fruit.

Ovary 3-locular; 1 ovule per loculus; style short, 3-fid.

Petals 1 mm. long, shorter than the stamens, hyaline.

Inflorescences of few-flowered axillary fascicles.

Fruit 5 mm. in diam., somewhat fleshy.

Stamens with filaments 1 mm. long.

Sepals 1·5 mm. long, deltate.

Receptacle 4-angled.

Seeds 3.

Life form	perennial
Growth form
Growth support	-
Foliage retention	deciduous
Sexuality	hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter)	7.0
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Photosynthetic pathway	c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It often grows on termite mounds and granite hills. It grows between 1,000-3,000 m above sea level. It is often at high altitudes.

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Hardiness (USDA)

Usage

The bark is used in place of hops in beer. The leaves are dried and used to flavour a drink.

Uses	animal food food fuel material medicinal social use
Edible	barks leaves roots stems
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Cultivation

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