Ribes americanum Mill.

Roxborough currant (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Saxifragales > Grossulariaceae > Ribes

Characteristics

Plants 0.5-1.5 m. Stems erect to spreading, crisply puberulent to villous, glandular throughout with yellow, shiny, sessile, crystalline, round glands; spines at nodes absent; prickles on internodes absent. Leaves: petiole 1-7 cm, (equaling or shorter than blade), crisply puberulent to villous, with slender processes along proximal margins; blade pentangular, 3-5-lobed, cleft nearly 1/2 to midrib, (1.5-)2-7 cm, base broadly truncate to shallowly cordate, surfaces with amber, sessile glands, thickly villous at least abaxially or along abaxial veins, lobes broadly deltate, margins usually coarsely bicrenate-serrate, apex acute to bluntly acute. Inflorescences spreading to pendent, 6-15-flowered racemes, 1.5-5 cm, axis pubescent, flowers evenly spaced. Pedicels jointed, 0.1-2 mm, villous; bracts narrowly lanceolate, to 10 mm, villous to sparsely hairy. Flowers: hypanthium green, broadly tubular-campanulate, 3-4.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely villosulous; sepals not overlapping, usually reflexed, cream to greenish white, narrowly oblong-spatulate to nearly oblong, 4.5-5 mm; petals connivent, erect, whitish, oblong to oblong-obovate, not conspicuously revolute or inrolled, 2.5-3 mm; nectary disc not prominent; stamens nearly as long as petals; filaments expanded at base, 1 mm, glabrous; anthers cream, oval, 1 mm, apex with small-holed callus; ovary glabrous; styles connate nearly to stigmas, 6-8 mm, glabrous. Berries palatable when cooked, black, ovoid, 10 mm, glabrous, without resinous glands.
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Shrubs 1-2 m tall. Branchlets slender, pubescent, yellow glandular, unarmed. Buds brown, ovoid, 2.5-5 mm, pubescent and glandular, apex obtuse. Petiole 2-5 cm, pubescent and sparsely yellow glandular, sometimes plumose hairy near base; leaf blade broadly ovate to suborbicular, 2.5-6 × 3-7(-8) cm, abaxially pubescent along veins, adaxially glabrous, yellow glandular on both surfaces, base cordate or subtruncate; lobes 3-5, ovate to triangular-ovate, margin deeply serrate or doubly serrate, apex acute; terminal lobe slightly longer than lateral ones. Racemes pendulous, (4-)5-8 cm, 8-20-flowered or more; rachis and pedicels pubescent; bracts lanceolate to linear, 6-10 mm, pubescent, rarely sparsely glandular. Flowers bisexual; pedicel 2-4 mm. Calyx yellowish white, pubescent; tube campanulate to shortly cylindric, 3-5 mm; lobes spreading then reflexed, oblong to ligulate, 3.5-6 mm. Petals yellowish white, ligulate, 2.5-4.5 mm. Stamens subequaling petals; anthers oblong, apex with nectary. Ovary glabrous. Style equaling or slightly longer than stamens, entire or stigma 2-lobed. Fruit black, subglobose, 0.8-1 cm, glabrous. Fl. May, fr. Jun-Jul.
Stems erect, unarmed; lvs broadly truncate to shallowly cordate at base, 3–5-lobed, gland-dotted and sparsely villosulous beneath; racemes drooping, many fld; pedicels 0–2 mm, much exceeded by the conspicuous lanceolate bracts; hypanthium above the ovary narrowly campanulate, 3.5–4.5 mm; sep greenish-white or yellowish, oblong-ovate, 4.5–5 mm, glabrous or very sparsely villosulous; pet oblong, very blunt, 2.5–3 mm; fr black, glabrous; 2n=16. Moist woods; N.S. to Man. and Alta., s. to Del., W.Va., Ind., Io., Nebr., and Colo. Apr., May. (R. floridanum)
A small shrub. It does not have prickles. It grows about 1 m high. The leaves are simple and alternate. They are rounded with 3-5 pointed lobes. The leaves are 10 cm wide. There are double teeth along the edge. The flowers are creamy white. They are bell shaped and hang in clusters in the axils of the leaves. The fruit are smooth round black berries.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 1.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Rich thickets and slopes. Swamps, stream banks, wet meadows, fens, moist ravines and canyons, open woods; at elevations from 50-1,700 metres.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows in damp soil near streams. It suits hardiness zone 3.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 2-5

Usage

The fruit are eaten after cooking. They can be used in jellies and pies. They are also eaten fresh. They are also dried and stored.
Uses environmental use experimental purposes food food additive gene source material medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Antiemetic (bark), Dermatological Aid (bark), Kidney Aid (bark), Orthopedic Aid (bark), Other (bark), Anthelmintic (bark), Unspecified (bark), Other (leaf), Gynecological Aid (root), Kidney Aid (root), Antiemetic (root), Orthopedic Aid (root), Anthelmintic (root), Unspecified (root), Antidote (unspecified), Kidney (unspecified), Renitis (unspecified), Uteritis (unspecified), Uterus (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -20
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Ribes americanum leaf picture by Pegster (cc-by-sa)
Ribes americanum leaf picture by PT (cc-by-sa)
Ribes americanum leaf picture by Shuji Usui (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Ribes americanum flower picture by Rata (cc-by-sa)
Ribes americanum flower picture by Logan Cotton (cc-by-sa)
Ribes americanum flower picture by Shuji Usui (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ribes americanum world distribution map, present in Canada, China, Japan, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:792560-1
WFO ID wfo-0001135378
COL ID 4SY7H
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Ribes dillenii Ribesium campanulatum Ribesium dillenii Coreosma americana Ribes billenei Ribes pensylvanicum Coreosma florida Ribes recurvatum Ribes campanulatum Ribes intermedium Ribes schmidtianum Ribes floridum l'herit Coreosma americana var. mesochora Ribes floridum var. grandiflorum Ribes nigrum var. pennyslvanicum Ribes americanum