Riocreuxia torulosa Decne.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Riocreuxia

Characteristics

A mostly hairy, leafy climber to 3 m or more high. Stem twining, branched, stout in older parts; nodes slightly swollen, with a ring of simple, minute (c.0.6 mm long) whitish-translucent multicellur hairs; internodes 11-60 mm long, 1.5-3(-5) mm diam., mostly pubescent all round, occasionally unifariously or vaguely bifariously pubescent. Leaves herbaceous, spreading; petiole 15-60(-80) mm long, terete, pubescent all around; lamina 30-90(-157) x 17-60(-135) mm, ovate to broadly so, base deeply cordate, apex acuminate, occasionally acute, with a broad subtruncate sinus between the semiorbicular incurved or overlapping basal lobes; usually somewhat adpressed-pubescent on both sides, occasionally more or less glabrous, margin entire, ciliolate. Inflorescence branched, paniculate cymes up to 100(-150) mm long; bracts linear-subulate, 0.7-2 x c.0.2 mm, abaxially mostly pubescent, rarely glabrous; peduncle 1-2 mm diam., variably puberulous, branching at the node or at a distance into up to 3 branches, each branch in turn mostly dichotomously or trichotomously branching once or twice to produce the profusely flowering terminals, pseudoumbels, 6-15-flowered, many flowers opening simultaneously; peduncles 1-3 at each node, 8-90 mm long, subhorizontally orientated (pendant), pubescent, bearing 2-3 distant umbellate fascicles (rarely only one fascicle) of 6-15 flowers, with or without an additional sessile fascicle at the node; pedicels 10-35(40) mm, c.0.2 mm diam., delicately long and slender, mostly pubescent all round, occasionally glabrous all round or minutely pubescent on the upper part and glabrous below. Sepals linear-subulate or lanceolate, acuminate, c.2-4 x 0.5(-0.7) mm at base, abaxially pubescent, occasionally ± glabrous. Corolla (10-)12-18(-20) mm long, straight, glabrous throughout, pale yellow or cream, occasionally more or less tinged with red, purplish or green; tube cylindric, ovoid-inflated at the base, 6-10(-12) mm long x 2-4 mm diam.; lobes linear-attenuate, 5-8(-10) x (0.5-)1 mm wide at base, connivent-erect, connate at tips to form an ellipsoid or subglobose cage-like structure c.5 mm diam., occasionally lobes orange-yellow, glabrous. Corona quite variable in general shape and diam.; ± oblong without subulate processes projecting from the sides to ± octopus-like due to the many processes radiating from the sides, 0.7-1 x 1-2.5 mm, with a conspicuous stipe 0.5-1 mm long, biseriate, glabrous throughout, yellowish with purple in parts; corona and staminal column usually visible through the thin membranous corolla when dry; outer lobes ± narrowly to broadly deltoid with long or short subulate or filiform processes, entire or bifid; 0.3-1.5 mm long x 0.2-0.4 mm wide near base, horizontally radiating high above the base of the stipe, yellowish or purple, adaxially shallow concave or channelled in the basal area; the filiform/subulate processes alternating with five pairs of minute or elongated teeth placed just below or forming one series with them, sometimes the teeth nearly or obsolete; inner lobes rudimentary, reaching to about the base of the anthers, rarely reaching halfway up the anthers (in var. bolusii), dorsiventrally compressed, closely applied to backs of anthers, oblong-obtuse, 0.1-0.2 mm long x 0.1-0.15 mm wide, rarely represented by an upward pointing claw-like process at the base of the anther (e.g. in Codd 7657); guide rails 200-400 ?m long. Pollinarium: pollinia 200-250 x 130-150 ?m, elliptic-oblong with an acute pellucid margin at apex; corpusculum elliptic, 100 x 50 ?m; carpels densely pubescent to completely glabrous. Follicles subparallel or curved, cylindrical, apically tapering, (75-)180-100(-120) mm long x c.3 mm diam. at centre, beaded due to conspicuous constrictions between seeds, glabrous or rarely pubescent; seed dorsiventrally compressed, linear-elliptic, 5-9 x c.2 mm, dark brown or blackish with a c.0.2 mm wide paler margin, concave on one side; coma c.20 mm long.
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Perennial herb with rootstock, becoming woody, producing elongate, subfleshy roots. Stem branched, twining, up to several m long, variably pubescent. Leaves herbaceous, variably pubescent; petiole 15-65 mm long; blade cordate-ovate, sometimes broadly so, acuminate, 30-120 mm long and proportionally broad. Flowers in pedunculate cymes; peduncles 1-3 at each stem-node, slender, up to 100 mm long, bearing (1)2-3 umbel-like clusters of 2-15 flowers; pedicels up to 35 mm long. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, ±2 mm long, pubescent. Corolla 12-18(-20) mm long, glabrous, pale yellow, more or less tinged with red or purplish; tube ± inflated, 6-10(-12) mm long; lobes linear-attenuate, connate at tips, 5-8(-10) mm long. Corona radiating from about middle of the 1.5-2 mm long staminal column, producing 5 outer, subulate or filiform, entire or linear-subulate, bifid lobes, sometimes with alternating pairs of fragile teeth; inner lobes small, closely pressed against base of anthers (staminal column usually visible through membranous corolla when dry). Follicles subparallel or curved, 75-180 mm long, ±3 mm diam., with constrictions between seeds, smooth, glabrous or sometimes pubescent.
Perennial, herbaceous climber, 1-5 m high, glabrous to pubescent. Leaves cordate-ovate, 30-120 x 17-95 mm, base cordate, apex acuminate. Inflorescence 2-15-flowered, in umbel-like clusters. Flowers tubular, pale yellow tinged red-purplish. Corolla: lobes erect, with apex connate forming cage-like structure, 5-8(10) mm long; tube 2-10(12) mm long, somewhat inflated. Corona in 2 series; outer corona lobes subulate or filiform, bifid; inner corona lobes small, pressed against anthers, not exceeding style-apex. Flowering time Nov.-Feb. Follicle linear-fusiform, 75-180 x 3 mm or filiform, bifid; inner corona lobes small, pressed against anthers, not exceeding style-apex. Flowering time Nov.-Feb. Follicle linear-fusiform, 75-180 x 3 mm.
A climber. It is a tall, slender, straggling plant. The leaf stalks are 1.5 cm long. The leaf blades are narrowly triangle shaped and heart shaped at the base. They taper to a long narrow point. They are 6 cm long by 2 cm wide. The flower clusters are at the side. There are many flowers. The flower stalks are very slender and 1 cm long. The flower tubes are about 1.5 cm long. They are pale yellow with darker tips. The fruit is very slender. It is 5 cm long by 2 mm wide.
Perennial herb. Stems twining. Leaves petiolate; blade heart-shaped, proportionally as long as broad, 20-120 mm long; petioles 15-65 mm long. Flowers: staminal column 1.5-2.0 mm high; with 5 simple, filiform or linear, bifid or toothed, radiating outer corona lobes; inner corona lobes minute or obsolete; corolla pale yellow, tinged with red or purplish; Nov.-Mar. Fruit a follicle.
Twining perennial herb. Staminal column 1.5-2.0 mm tall, with 5 simple, filiform or linear, bifid or toothed, radiating outer corona lobes. Inner corona lobes minute or obsolete. Flowers pale yellow, tinged with red or purplish.
Slender, shortly hairy climber to 2 m; sap clear. Leaves opposite, soft, cordate-ovate. Flowers tubular with petals remaining fused at tips, pale yellow tinged purplish.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves are cooked as a potherb.
Uses food gene source medicinal potherb
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Potherb (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Riocreuxia torulosa unspecified picture

Distribution

Riocreuxia torulosa world distribution map, present in Lesotho, Mozambique, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:100861-1
WFO ID wfo-0001102412
COL ID 4T4K2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ceropegia torulosa Riocreuxia torulosa Ceropegia effusa Riocreuxia torulosa var. longidens Riocreuxia torulosa var. obsoleta Riocreuxia torulosa var. tomentosa