Rothmannia urcelliformis Bullock. ex Robyns

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Rothmannia

Characteristics

Shrub or small tree, (1–)4–8.5(–15) m. tall; young stems slender, rusty pubescent or less often glabrescent.. Leaves paired or occasionally ternate; blades elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 5.7–18 cm. long, 1.2–10 cm. wide, apex distinctly acuminate, base cuneate, glabrous or less often glabrescent (? or very rarely pubescent) above, glabrescent or less often glabrous or pubescent beneath with denser appressed hairs on the nerves; domatia present; petiole 0.4–1.1 cm. long, glabrescent to pubescent; stipules triangular, 0.2–1.2 (–1.5) cm. long, long-acuminate, rusty pubescent to glabrescent outside, caducous leaving a line of hairs above the scar.. Flowers solitary; peduncle very abbreviated; pedicel 3–7 mm. long; bracteoles filiform.. Calyx sparsely to distinctly pubescent; tube 3–6(–11) mm. long, 5-angled; limb-tube 0.6–2.3 cm. long, slightly wider than the tube, usually splitting for ± half the length; lobes linear, 0.3–1.9(–2.7) cm. long, 1.5–4 mm. wide at base.. Corolla white to cream with dark brownish-red blotches, pubescent outside; tube narrowly cylindrical below, funnel-shaped above, 3.1–7.7 cm. long, the funnel-shaped portion 1.8–5.1 cm. long, 0.8–1.8 cm. wide at top, 0.3–0.8 cm. wide at base, pubescent outside; lobes overlapping to right in bud, lanceolate, 1.2–4.5 cm. long, 0.8–1.8 cm. wide, acuminate, sparsely to densely covered with short stiff hairs.. Anthers exserted for 1/3 their length, 0.6–2.3 cm. long.. Style 5–7.5 cm. long, widening towards apex; stigma exserted, 1.2–2.6 cm. long, ± 5 mm. wide.. Fruit green, spherical to ellipsoid, 2.5–7.6(?–10.2) cm. long, sometimes slightly ribbed, glabrous, the calyx-limb deciduous leaving a pale ± pentagonal scar.. Seeds blackish, up to 8 mm. long, 6 mm. thick.
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Leaf blades 5.7–18 × 1.2–10 cm, elliptic to obovate-elliptic, apex distinctly acuminate, base cuneate, glabrous or less often glabrescent (?or very rarely pubescent) above, glabrescent or less often glabrous or pubescent beneath with denser appressed hairs on the nerves; domatia present; petiole 4–11 mm long, glabrescent to pubescent; stipules 2–12(15) mm long, triangular, long-acuminate, rusty pubescent to glabrescent outside, caducous leaving a line of hairs above the scar.
Corolla white to cream-coloured with dark brownish-red blotches, pubescent outside; tube 3–7.7 cm long, narrowly cylindrical below, funnel-shaped above, the funnel-shaped portion 1.8–5 cm long and 0.8–1.8 cm wide at the top, the cylindrical portion 0.3–0.8 cm wide, pubescent outside; lobes 1.2–4.5 × 0.8–1.8 cm, lanceolate, acuminate, sparsely to densely covered with short stiff hairs, overlapping to the right in bud.
A shrub or small tree. It grows 8-12 m tall. The small branches are hairy. The leaves are opposite and sword shaped. They are shiny and dark green. The flowers occur singly. They are trumpet shaped and in the axils of leaves. They are creamy white with red marks. The fruit are 3-8 cm long. They are round or oval. The seeds are black and 8 mm long by 6 mm wide.
Calyx sparsely pubescent to pubescent; tube 3–6(11) mm long, 5-angled; limb-tube 6–23 mm long, slightly wider than the tube, usually splitting for ± half the length; lobes 3–20(27) mm long, 1.5–4 mm wide at base, linear.
Fruit 2.5–7.6(?10.2) cm long, spherical to ellipsoid, sometimes slightly ribbed, glabrous, green, the calyx limb deciduous leaving a pale ± pentangular scar.
Shrub or small tree (1–2.5) 4–8.5(10–15) m tall; young stems slender, rusty pubescent or less often glabrescent.
Flowers solitary; peduncle very abbreviated; pedicel 3–7 mm long; bracteoles filiform.
Anthers exserted for ± one third of their length, 0.6–2.3 cm long.
Pollen presenter 1.2–2.6 × c. 0.5 mm, exserted.
A shrub or small tree, to 25 ft. or more high
Style 5–7.5 cm long, widening towards apex.
Corolla white, mottled purple within
Seeds up to 8 × 6 mm, blackish.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0 - 10.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in mid altitude rain-forest. In Zimbabwe it grows between 1,050-2,000 m above sea level.
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In forest.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses material medicinal poison
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Rothmannia urcelliformis leaf picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Rothmannia urcelliformis fruit picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Rothmannia urcelliformis fruit picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rothmannia urcelliformis world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Rothmannia urcelliformis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:765161-1
WFO ID wfo-0000298278
COL ID 799YR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Randia urcelliformis Randia violascens Rothmannia arcuata Randia spathicalyx Randia stenophylla Rothmannia riparia Rothmannia spathicalyx Rothmannia urcelliformis Gardenia tigrina Gardenia urcelliformis Gardenia riparia Randia chevalieri