Rubus apetalus Poir.

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rubus

Characteristics

A scrambling shrub.. Flowering branches densely and softly white-or yellowish-pilose, sometimes villous, the hairs largely spreading; prickles slender, hooked or straightly deflexed, up to 4–5 mm. long.. Leaves imparipinnate (2–(3–)-jugate) or trifoliolate, or the uppermost simple; leaflets rather variable in shape, commonly lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or oblong-elliptic, 6.5–9 × 4–6 cm., rather obtuse or the upper ones usually very acute, basally rounded to subcordate, sharply but shallowly serrate or biserrate with teeth ± 1(–2) mm. deep, dark green and variably hairy above (often rather evenly but thinly covered with appressed hairs), paler beneath, and softly pilose or more usually grey-or greenish-or whitish-tomentose, sometimes thickly covered with soft, whitish or ± fulvous hairs; terminal petiolules 1–2(–3) cm. long; the lateral ones up to 7 mm. long.. Inflorescence paniculate, narrowly to broadly pyramidal, up to 21 × 9 cm., the basal branchlets spreading at a wide angle or ± horizontally; flowers rather congested; axis, branchlets and pedicels whitish-tomentose interspersed with variably numerous, fulvous or pale fulvous, stiff hairs.. Petals O [or very small, (fide Focke)].. Calyx 5–8 mm. long, deeply divided into lanceolate, ± clasping lobes 4–7 mm. long with a protracted apex, hairy as the pedicels.. Carpels varying from glabrous to densely hairy (and sometimes with a dense apical tuft).. Fruit black.
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Scrambling shrub to c. 1.5 m high. Flowering branches sparsely villous, brownish, with few to many decurved brownish-yellow prickles 2-5 mm long. Leaves 7-16 x 5.5-13 cm., 2-3-jugate or the uppermost ternate; petiole and rhachis villous and aculeate like the stems; lateral leaflets subsessile, terminal one with petiolule 1-2 cm long. Leaflets ovate-acute or elliptic-acute, with finely to coarsely serrate margin; superior surface brownish-green, thinly appressed-pilose; inferior surface pale brownish-green, villous on main veins and pilose between, or whitish-velutinous, the midrib very sparsely and minutely prickly, the lateral veins without prickles. Stipules narrowly linear. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, 3-19 cm long, broadly pyramidal to cylindrical, usually much longer than leaves, the branches spreading, villous and aculeate like the stem. Calyx greyish-tomentose, divided into narrowly triangular segments 4-6 mm long, ± clasping in fruit. Petals almost always absent, when present narrow, shorter than sepals, fugacious. Fruits globose, 0.5-0.8 cm long, purplish-black and edible when ripe; carpels relatively few (15-36), glabrous or rarely tomentose at the apex.
Leaflets ovate-acute or elliptic-acute, with finely to coarsely serrate margin; superior surface brownish-green, thinly appressed-pilose; inferior surface pale brownish-green, villous on main veins and pilose between, or whitish-velutinous, the midrib very sparsely and minutely prickly, the lateral veins without prickles.
A scrambling shrub. It grows 1.5 m high. The flowering branches have a few yellow or white hairs. The prickles are slender and curved. The leaves are 7-16 cm long by 6-13 cm wide. They have teeth along the edge. The fruit are round and 0.5-0.8 cm long. They are purplish-black. They are edible when ripe.
Leaves 7–16 x 5·5–13 cm., 2–3-jugate or the uppermost ternate; petiole and rhachis villous and aculeate like the stems; lateral leaflets subsessile, terminal one with petiolule 1–2 cm. long.
Scandent shrub. Leaves 5-7-foliolate, leaflets slightly discolorous, pubescent, venation on lower surface prominent. Corolla as long as or much shorter than calyx. Flowers pink and mauve.
Inflorescences terminal and axillary, 3–19 cm. long, broadly pyramidal to cylindrical, usually much longer than leaves, the branches spreading, villous and aculeate like the stem.
Fruits globose, 0·5–0·8 cm. long, purplish-black and edible when ripe; carpels relatively few (15–36), glabrous or rarely tomentose at the apex.
Flowering branches sparsely villous, brownish, with few to many decurved brownish-yellow prickles 2–5 mm. long.
Calyx greyish-tomentose, divided into narrowly triangular segments 4–6 mm. long, ± clasping in fruit.
Petals almost always absent, when present narrow, shorter than sepals, fugacious.
Scrambling shrub to c. 1·5 m. high.
Stipules narrowly linear.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in hilly and mountain regions near forests in West Africa. It grows along the edges of forests. In Kenya it grows between 1,450-2,700 m altitude.
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Edges of forest clearings, secondary bush and grassland, riverine forest, upland grassland, roadsides, often forming thickets, at elevations from 1,400-2,700 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten raw. They are also used for jam and juice.
Uses food medicinal
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be used as a hedge. Plants can be grow by seeds or suckers.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 20
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Rubus apetalus leaf picture by bruno trebel (cc-by-sa)
Rubus apetalus leaf picture by bruno trebel (cc-by-sa)
Rubus apetalus leaf picture by bruno trebel (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rubus apetalus world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Botswana, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malawi, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, South Sudan, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:735129-1
WFO ID wfo-0001016849
COL ID 4TJFT
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706760
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Rubus borbonicus Rubus assaortinus Dyctisperma apetalus Rubus chiovendae Rubus adolfi-friederici Rubus quartinianus Rubus ecklonii Rubus exsuccus Rubus interjungens Rubus pinnatiformis Rubus adolfi-friedericii var. rubristylus Rubus apetalus

Lower taxons

Rubus apetalus var. grossoserratus Rubus apetalus var. glaber