Rubus canadensis L.

Smooth blackberry (en), Ronce (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rubus

Characteristics

Shrubs, 5–30 dm, unarmed or armed. Stems ?biennial?, arching, glabrous, eglandular or sparsely sessile-to short-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose; prickles absent or sparse, erect or slightly retrorse, slender, 2–5 mm, narrow-to broad-based. Leaves deciduous, usually palmately compound, ?lustrous?; stipules filiform to narrowly lanceolate, (5–)8–15(–22) mm; leaflets (3–)5, terminal ovate to elliptic, (3–)7–9(–11) × (3–)4–5(–6) cm, base rounded to shallowly cordate, unlobed, margins finely to coarsely serrate or doubly serrate, apex acuminate to attenuate, abaxial surfaces sometimes with hooked prickles on midvein, glabrous or puberulent, eglandular. Inflorescences terminal ?on short shoots, sometimes appearing axillary?, (5–)15–25-flowered, racemiform. Pedicels usually unarmed, hairy, eglandular or sparsely sessile-to short-stipitate-glandular. Flowers bisexual; petals white, obovate to elliptic, 8–22 mm; filaments filiform; ovaries glabrous. Fruits black, globose to short-cylindric, 1–2 cm; drupelets 10–75, strongly coherent, separating with torus attached. 2n = 14, 21.
More
Much like R. pensilvanicus, which might perhaps better be merged with it, but usually only sparsely armed, with few, small, and weak prickles, and with glabrous or subglabrous lvs. Often in open deciduous forest or on mt. ledges, as well as in disturbed habitats; Nf. and Que. to Minn., s. through N.Y. and along the mts. to n. Ga. June, July. (R. amicalis; R. kennedyanus; R. multilicius)
A bramble. It is a trailing plant. The fruit can be 2 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination apogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.5 - 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Thickets, woods and clearings. Mountainous highlands, cool, shaded intermediate regions within deciduous and boreal forests, margins of lakes and woods; at elevations up to 2,000 metres.
More
It is a temperate plant. It can tolerate frost.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-7

Usage

Uses beverage breeding dye food medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Antidiarrheal (fruit), Unspecified (fruit), Antidiarrheal (root), Unspecified (sap), Astringent (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 20
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Rubus canadensis habit picture by Filip Arndt (cc-by-sa)
Rubus canadensis habit picture by Filip Arndt (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Rubus canadensis leaf picture by J Varner (cc-by-sa)
Rubus canadensis leaf picture by J Varner (cc-by-sa)
Rubus canadensis leaf picture by Benoit Rainville (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Rubus canadensis fruit picture by bosnia bushcraft (cc-by-sa)
Rubus canadensis fruit picture by Evelock Gilks (cc-by-sa)
Rubus canadensis fruit picture by Tasha Van Dinther (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rubus canadensis world distribution map, present in Canada, Germany, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Netherlands, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:735661-1
WFO ID wfo-0001015825
COL ID 4TJPG
BDTFX ID 120008
INPN ID 717462
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Selnorition canadensis Rubus suberectus Rubus millspaughii Rubus randii Rubus ulterior Rubus pergratus Rubus canadensis Rubus montensis Rubus acridens Rubus illustris Rubus laetabilis Rubus besseyi Rubus argutus var. randii Rubus canadensis var. imus Rubus pergratus var. terrae-novae Rubus canadensis var. millspaughii Rubus canadensis var. randii