Rubus cuneifolius Pursh

Sand blackberry (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rubus

Characteristics

Shrubs, 5–10(–30) dm, armed. Stems ?biennial?, erect, rarely arching, sparsely to densely hairy (especially young), eglandular, not pruinose; ?bark not papery, peeling?; prickles usually dense, hooked to retrorse, usually stout, 3–6 mm, broad-based. Leaves deciduous to semievergreen, usually ternate, sometimes palmately compound; stipules filiform or linear to lanceolate, 3–15 mm; leaflets 3–5, terminal cuneate to obovate, 2–6 × 3–4 cm, base cuneate, unlobed, margins serrate, rarely doubly serrate, apex broadly rounded to subtruncate, often cuspidate, abaxial surfaces often with prickles on midveins, densely gray-to white-hairy, sparsely to densely sessile-glandular. Inflorescences terminal ?on short shoots, sometimes appearing axillary?, (1–)3–5(–12)-flowered, cymiform. Pedicels unarmed or prickles sparse to moderate, hooked to retrorse, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular or sparsely to moderately sessile-glandular. Flowers bisexual; petals white, elliptic to obovate, 5–15 mm; filaments filiform; ovaries glabrous or glabrate. Fruits black, globose to cylindric, 0.6–2 cm; drupelets 15–50, strongly coherent, separating with torus attached. 2n = 21, 28.
More
Stems erect or nearly so, to 1 m, heavily armed with stout, straight or hooked prickles from a widely expanded base; primocane lvs 3(5)-foliolate, on a strongly armed petiole; terminal lfl seldom over 5 cm, rhombic to obovate, widest well above the middle, truncate to rounded or broadly obtuse, short-apiculate, or rarely merely acute, cuneate from the broadest part with nearly straight margins to the base, simply serrate in the distal half with rather broad low teeth, entire in the basal half, densely white-or gray-tomentose beneath; infl of usually 1–3 fls on ascending pedicels, all or mostly subtended by lvs with expanded blade. Dry, sandy soil, chiefly on the coastal plain; Conn. and L.I. to Fla. and Ala.; disjunct in Hillsboro Co., N.H. May–July. (R. longii; R. sejunctus)
Shrub, up to 4 m high. Stems erect; deeply ridged, thorny. Leaves compound; blade palmately pinnate, usually with 3 leaflets; leaflets discolorous, margins strongly dentate. Flowers: 2-5 at ends of short leafy shoots, either axillary or terminal; petals much longer than sepals, white rarely pink; Nov., Dec. Fruit black, adhering to torus.
A shrub. It grows 1-1.5 m tall. The stems have prickles. It often loses many leaves during the year. There are 3-5 leaflets. The fruit is black and 1-2 cm across with 15-50 small fruitlets.
Erect shrublet, up to 1.5 m high. Leaves 3-foliolate, leaflets discolorous, margin strongly dentate. Corolla distinctly longer than calyx. Fruits black, adhering to torus. Flowers white.
Perennial shrub, up to 4 m high. Leaves green. Flowers white and inconspicuous. Flowering time Dec.-Mar. Fruit conspicuous, red maturing to black.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.9 - 0.95
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Dry sandy or rocky soils of the coastal plain and outer piedmont. Dry to damp open areas, sandy or rocky soil; at elevations up to 300 metres.
More
It is a subtropical plant.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 4-5
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The fruit can be eaten fresh or cooked.
Uses breeding dye food gene source material medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Other (root), Antidiarrheic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 20
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Rubus cuneifolius flower picture by Gianfranco Romaelle (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rubus cuneifolius world distribution map, present in United States of America and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30201781-2
WFO ID wfo-0001006778
COL ID 4TJVP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Rubus chapmanii Rubus parvifolius Rubus longii Rubus dixiensis Rubus sejunctus Rubus cuneifolius var. angustior Rubus cuneifolius var. spiniceps Rubus cuneifolius var. subellipticus Rubus cuneifolius var. cuneifolius Rubus cuneifolius