Rubus rolfei S.Vidal

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rubus

Characteristics

Sprawling shrubs with prostrate long shoots up to 1 or more m, and with axillary, ascending, leafy shoots up to 25 cm long, terminating in an inflorescence, more rarely climbing shrubs. Stems densely hairy when young, prickles (very) few, small. Leaves orbicular to triangular in outline, 2-5.5 (-9) by 2-5(-9) cm, shallowly 3-to 5-lobed, base cordate, basal lobes rounded, margin unevenly crenate, apex rounded to acute, stiff-coriaceous, nervation pedate, with 4-5 pairs of nerves, venation widely reticulate, upper surface bullate between nerves and veins, hairy but soon glabrous above, lower surface with a dense woolly felt of thin, curly hairs, and with on nerves and veins longer, patent, straight hairs, distinctly two-coloured. Petiole 0.5-3(-4.5) cm long. Stipules rather long persistent, 6-10(-13) by 2.5-4(-7) mm, incised. Inflorescence a terminal, simple raceme, usually very dense, up to 3 cm long, with up to 8 flowers. Bracts up to 13 by 10 mm, incised. Pedicels 0-5 mm long, densely hairy as is the rachis of the raceme. Flowers bisexual, flower buds ovoid. Hypanthium saucer-shaped, 4-6 mm across, densely woolly and with straight, longer hairs outside. Sepals triangular, outer ones 6-10 by 3-8 mm, inner ones narrower, growing after anthesis, apex acute to acuminate, uncovered margins with 1-3 small teeth, up to 3 mm, indumentum outside as hypanthium. Petals orbicular with rounded apex, up to 14 by 12 mm, white. Stamens 120-140, filaments up to 5 mm, anthers 0.5-1 mm long, glabrous or with few long hairs. Pistils 40-80, ovaries glabrous, on elevated, hairy torus, styles up to 5(-8) mm long. Collective fruits globular, c. 1 cm, sepals closing after anthesis, spreading at ripeness. Fruits 2-2.5 mm long when dry, yellow to orange (also reported as pink or red), mesocarp soft and thick, only a thin layer when dry.
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Subshrubs low, with creeping stems and ascending leafy shoots. Stems prostrate, rooting at nodes, densely tomentose-villous, with sparse, small prickles, sometimes nearly unarmed, glabrate in age. Leaves simple; petiole nearly as long as leaf blade, tomentose-villous, with sparse, needle-like prickles; stipules free, obovate to ± oblong, 7–12 mm, membranous, margin pectinately or palmately laciniate ca. 1/2 to middle at apex, abaxially hairy, adaxially glabrous; blade broadly ovate to suborbicular, 2–6(–9) × 2–5.5(–9) cm, venation pedate, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, raised abaxially, impressed adaxially, leathery, abaxially brownish gray tomentose, with long hairs and sparse, needle-shaped prickles along veins, adaxially dark greenish brown, usually sparsely hairy when young, later glabrous, bullate between veins, base cordate, basal incision to 1 cm deep, margin 3–5-lobed; lobes obtuse, unevenly crenate. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, 1-or few flowered; rachis and pedicels densely tomentose-villous, with sparse, needle-like prickles; bracts obovate to ±oblong, 8–10 mm, apex palmately or pectinately laciniate, hairy. Pedicel 5–9 mm. Flowers to 2 cm in diam. Calyx 1–1.5 cm, abaxially tomentose-villous; sepals ovate or triangular-lanceolate, 8–10 × 4–7 mm, apex laciniate; lobes linear-lanceolate. Petals white, suborbicular or obovate, 7–10 × 6–8 mm, adaxially puberulous, base clawed. Stamens many; filaments to 5 mm; anthers to 1 mm, with few long hairs, rarely glabrous. Pistils fewer than stamens, glabrous. Aggregate fruit yellow to orange or reddish, globose, 1–1.4 × ca. 1 cm, fleshy, with reddish persistent calyx; drupelets obliquely ellipsoid; pyrenes rugose; seeds reniform. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep. 2n = 28*, 42*.
A scrambling shrub 2 to 3 m high. It is a ground cover plant. The stems and lower surfaces of leaves and covered with fine soft hairs while the stem and larger veins of the leaves are armed with small spines. The leaves are rough and 3 to 5 lobed and dark green above and brownish underneath. They have a toothed edge. The leaves are crinkled. They turn reddish-brown with frost. The flowers are small and white. The fruit are yellow, fleshy and well flavoured.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.6
Mature height (meter) 0.15
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Open places, mixed forests at elevations of 1,300-3,800 metres in Taiwan. Forest and more open places like clearings at elevations of 900-2,700 metres in the Philippines.
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Open places, mixed forests at elevations of 1,300-3,800 metres in Taiwan. Forest and more open places like clearings at elevations of 900-2,700 metres in the Philippines.
A tropical plant. They are common in mossy forests throughout the Philippines. In Taiwan it grows between 1,600-3,800 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 7-9.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

Uses The fruits are edible and sweet.
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The berries are eaten raw.
Uses dye environmental use food gene source
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 20
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Rubus rolfei unspecified picture

Distribution

Rubus rolfei world distribution map, present in Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, New Zealand, Philippines, and Taiwan, Province of China

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:739788-1
WFO ID wfo-0001018240
COL ID 4TLHJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rubus pentalobus Rubus rolfei Rubus calycinoides Rubus elmeri Rubus hayata-koidzumii Rubus calycinoides var. macrophyllus Rubus rolfei var. lanatus