Rubus ulmifolius Schott

Elmleaf blackberry (en), Ronce à feuilles d'orme (fr), Ronce à feuilles d'Orme (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Rubus

Characteristics

Shrubs, 30–50 dm, unarmed or armed. Stems ?biennial?, erect, then arching, usually moderately, rarely sparsely, hairy ?hairs stellate?, eglandular, strongly pruinose; prickles absent or sparse to dense, erect to hooked, stout, 3–10 mm, broad-based. Leaves persistent or nearly so, ternate to palmately compound; stipules filiform to linear, 4–12 mm; leaflets 3–5, terminal ovate, elliptic, or suborbiculate to obovate, 4–10 × 2–6(–9) cm, base rounded to cuneate, unlobed, margins finely to moderately serrate, apex acute or acuminate to attenuate, abaxial surfaces with hooked prickles on larger veins, densely white short-velutinous, hairs usually minute, eglandular. Inflorescences terminal, 10–60-flowered, paniculiform or thyrsiform. Pedicels unarmed or prickles moderate to dense, erect to hooked, densely short-hairy, eglandular. Flowers bisexual; petals usually pink, sometimes white, obovate or elliptic to suborbiculate, 5–12 mm; filaments filiform; ovaries apically hairy. Fruits black, globose to ovoid, 1–1.5 cm; drupelets 10–40, strongly coherent, separating with torus attached. 2n = 14.
More
Scrambling shrub; primocanes low-arching and interlacing, distinctly whitish pruinose, becoming reddish, ± sharply angled and ± flat between, with few subsessile glands, and usually sparsely to moderately clothed in mostly stellate hairs, rarely finally glabrous; armature of few to many stout, erect to slightly falcate prickles on angles. Young stems with stellate tomentum, and scattered simple hairs and subsessile glands. Leaflets 5, glabrous or almost glabrous on upper surface, pilose on veins and with dense whitish tomentum between on lower surface, 1-2-serrate; terminal leaflet lamina oblong to narrow-obovate, acuminate, 30-80 × 20-50-(60) mm, with petiolule ⅓-⅖ length of lamina. Stipules linear. Infl. densely hairy, with subsessile glands. Sepals acuminate, tomentose and with very few, longer, simple hairs, usually without but sometimes with pricklets. Petals rounded, strongly crinkled, bright pink. Anthers glabrous.
A shrub. It grows 2.4 m high and spreads 3 m wide. It loses its leaves during the year. The stems arch over. The leaves have 3-5 leaflets. They are downy underneath. The flowers are white or pale pink. The fruit are purple-red.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 2.25 - 2.75
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.1
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. In NW Pakistan it grows in fertile mountain valleys. In Argentina it grows below 500 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 7-10.
More
Very common in many habitats, succeeding on chalk and clay and preferring open sunny habitats.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw or as jam. The leaves are used to make a liqueur and also tea. The young shoots are also eaten in salads.
Uses breeding dye environmental use food invertebrate food material medicinal ornamental tea
Edible flowers fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Condyloma (unspecified), Diabetes mellitus (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 20
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Rubus ulmifolius habit picture by Isabelle Boyel (cc-by-sa)
Rubus ulmifolius habit picture by Jean-René Girardeau (cc-by-sa)
Rubus ulmifolius habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Rubus ulmifolius leaf picture by Thierry Serny (cc-by-sa)
Rubus ulmifolius leaf picture by Heras Daniel (cc-by-sa)
Rubus ulmifolius leaf picture by Matthias Wippich (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Rubus ulmifolius flower picture by Barry Cornelius (cc-by-sa)
Rubus ulmifolius flower picture by mathias (cc-by-sa)
Rubus ulmifolius flower picture by Manuel Madrid (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Rubus ulmifolius fruit picture by aissatou Traoré (cc-by-sa)
Rubus ulmifolius fruit picture by Nico Hln (cc-by-sa)
Rubus ulmifolius fruit picture by Heras Daniel (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rubus ulmifolius world distribution map, present in Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Switzerland, Chile, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Egypt, Spain, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Gibraltar, Croatia, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Luxembourg, Morocco, North Macedonia, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, Slovenia, Tunisia, Turkey, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:740982-1
WFO ID wfo-0000985000
COL ID 4TLYN
BDTFX ID 58514
INPN ID 119373
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rubus inermis Rubus rusticanus Rubus karstianus Rubus discolor Rubus ulmifolius Rubus abruptus Rubus cruentiflorus Rubus dispalatus Rubus subdolus Rubus discolor Rubus x tridentinus Rubus x pampaninii Rubus cyrenaicae Rubus x mussolinii Rubus bellidiflorus Rubus sauli Rubus controversus Rubus praetervisus Rubus serriculatus Rubus weiheanus Rubus lemaitrei Rubus tenacellus Rubus castellanus Rubus bujedanus Rubus longiflorens Rubus petiolulatus Rubus valentinus Rubus panormitanus Rubus siculus Rubus legionensis Rubus sinusifolius Rubus collivagus Rubus pallescens Rubus parviserratus Rubus heteromorphus Rubus dalmatinus Rubus inermis Rubus peracutispinus Rubus appenninus Rubus cocullotinus Rubus confusus Rubus glaphyrus Rubus ulmifolius f. trichantherus Rubus vulgaris f. discolor Rubus tomentellus f. appenninus Rubus pseudoinermis Rubus hispanicus Rubus congestus Rubus sublenis Rubus aetneus Rubus segobricensis Rubus inermis Rubus saulii Rubus longipetiolatus Rubus crispulus Rubus oculus-junonis Rubus albescens Rubus lejeunei Rubus chlorocarpus Rubus minutiflorus Rubus gerundensis Rubus edouardii Rubus ulmifolius subsp. rusticanus Rubus ulmifolius var. bruginoensis Rubus discolor subsp. ulmifolius Rubus fruticosus var. ulmifolius Rubus pilosus var. discolor Rubus ulmifolius var. minutiflorus Rubus discolor subsp. rusticanus Rubus fruticosus subsp. discolor Rubus villicaulis subsp. discolor Rubus fruticosus var. panormitanus Rubus ulmifolius var. bellidiflorus Rubus amoenus var. microphyllus Rubus fruticosus var. discolor Rubus vulgaris var. discolor Rubus pubescens var. discolor Rubus ulmifolius var. rusticanus Rubus amoenus var. hispanicus Rubus ulmifolius var. anoplothyrsus