Rytidosperma penicillatum (Labill.) Connor & Edgar

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Rytidosperma

Characteristics

Tall, slender, light green, in dense, crowded or loose tufts, shortly rhizomatous; leaves to about ½ height of culms; branching extravaginal. Leaf-sheath pale stramineous to grey-brown, rather dense or scattered short hairs; apical tuft of hairs to 2.5-(3) mm. Ligule c. 0.1 mm. Leaf-blade to 25-(35) cm, flat, to 2 mm wide, or folded and inrolled, with scattered long hairs, margins scabrid. Culm to 1 m, internodes glabrous but densely, minutely hairy to scabrid for usually c. 10 mm below inflorescence. Panicle slender, elongate, to 12 cm of few to several spikelets on short pedicels; rachis and pedicels densely short-scabrid with some longer hairs, especially below spikelets and above branch axils. Spikelets (3)-4-6-flowered, awns exserted from glumes. Glumes usually purplish centrally or near margin, lanceolate, subobtuse, 9-12-(13.5) mm, ± equal; lower 7-(9)-nerved, upper 5-(7)-nerved. Lemma 2.2-3.5 mm, 9-nerved, upper row of hairs ≥ lemma, in marginal and occasional adjacent tufts with usually two, occasionally 0 central tufts, lower row of marginal tufts not reaching to upper tufts, and shorter ± continuous to extremely sparse hairs between tufts, elsewhere glabrous or 1-2 hairs centrally; lobes 6-8.5 mm, narrowed to fine awns; central awn (9)-10-12 mm, column (2)-2.5-3.5-(4) mm. Palea 3.5-4.5-(5) mm, > upper lemma hairs, interkeel and margins glabrous. Callus 0.5-0.8-(1) mm, thick marginal hair tufts usually overlapping lower lemma hairs. Rachilla 0.5-0.6 mm. Anthers 0.5-0.7 and 1.2-1.8 mm. Caryopsis c. 2 × 0.8-1.1 mm; embryo 0.7-0.9 mm; hilum 0.3-0.5 mm.
More
Plants loosely caespitose; innovation buds extravaginal. Culms 12–64 cm high. Inflorescences linear, with few basal branches. Spikelets 7–16 mm long, with 3–6 florets; pedicels parallel to inflorescence axis. Glumes slightly to substantially exceeding florets; lower glume 7–15 mm long. Callus hairs reaching lower lemma hairs. Lemma: body 2–3.6 mm long, glabrous between the rows of tufts; upper row of hair tufts of marginal and some dorsal tufts or of only marginal tufts; lower row of tufts from a complete row to only marginal tufts, not reaching the upper row; lobes as long as body; setae 1.6–6 mm long, as long as to longer than lobes; awn 6–14.8 mm long, exceeding setae; awn column tightly twisted, equalling lobes. Palea obovate, 3–5.2 mm long, narrow, 3–5 times as long as wide, usually much exceeding lemma sinus. Anthers 0.6–2 mm long. Caryopsis 1.8–2.3 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.12 - 0.64
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Subalpine woodland, marshes, and grassland, and at lower altitudesoften in light shade. 
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-11

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Rytidosperma penicillatum unspecified picture

Distribution

Rytidosperma penicillatum world distribution map, present in Australia and New Zealand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:419822-1
WFO ID wfo-0000896483
COL ID 6WYZ6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Danthonia penicillata Arundo penicillata Notodanthonia penicillata Danthonia racemosa var. penicillata Rytidosperma penicillatum Austrodanthonia penicillata