Salacia chinensis L.

Species

Angiosperms > Celastrales > Celastraceae > Salacia

Characteristics

Liana, scandent shrub, or rarely a small tree. Stipules deltoid or reniform, 1/3-1/2 mm long. Leaves subcoriaceous, rather discolorous, ovate, broad-elliptic, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, obovate, rarely suborbicular, or obovate-oblong, 4-17 by 1.75-9.5 cm; base cuneate; apex acute, short-acuminate to acuminate, sometimes obtuse; margin entire, or slightly crenulate; nerves 4-10 pairs; petiole 1-1.5 cm. Bracts triangular, slightly erose. Pedicels 5-10(-18) mm. Flowers yellowish or yellowish green, few to many in fascicles on axillary bracteate tubercles, sometimes ramiflorous. Calyx lobes triangular, semi-orbicular, 1/2-2/3 mm long, obtuse or rounded, slightly erose. Petals broad-elliptic,-ovate, obovate, or suborbicular, 3-4 by 2.5-4 mm, obtuse, with reddish brown pigment in the tissue of the central part, the marginal part yellowish when dry, sometimes the marginal part at the base reflexed and the petals seemingly unguiculate. Disk annular-pulvinate, 1.5-2 mm ø, c. 1 mm high, slightly contracted at the central part, narrower at the upper part, slightly lobed and extended downward at the base, usually papillose especially at the lower half. Stamens 3, c. 1.5 mm; anthers transversely dehiscent, slightly oblique when young. Pistil c. 1 mm emerging from the disk, triangular. Ovary 3-celled. Ovules 2 in each cell, inserted at the upper inner angle. Fruit globose, sometimes broad-ellipsoid, 1 1/3-2 cm ø, red or orange-red when ripe, usually 1-seeded. Seeds globose, 1-1.5 cm ø.
More
Climbing shrubs, to 4 m tall; branchlets angular. Petiole 8-10 mm; leaf blade elliptic, narrowly ovate-rotund or obovate-elliptic, (3-)5-11 × (1.5-)2-5 cm, leathery, abaxially brown-green when dry, adaxially shiny olive-green, base cuneate, margin sparsely denticulate, apex subacute to shortly acuminate; lateral veins 6 or 7 pairs. Fascicles axillary, 3-6-flowered; pedicel 6-10 mm. Sepals deltoid, up to 1 mm, margin ciliolate; petals broadly ovate, ca. 3 mm, broadly spreading or curved outward, apex rounded. Disk cupular, ca. 1 mm tall. Stamens 3; filaments short, flat, inserted at margin of disk; anthers forked. Ovary concealed in disk, 3-loculed; ovules 2 per locule; style very short, conic. Berry globose or ovate, ca. 1 cm in diam., red when ripe, 1-seeded. Fl. Dec, fr. Jan-Feb.
Liane or scandent shrub. Leaves broadly ovate, elliptic or lanceolate, obtuse, acute or acuminate, entire or serrulate-crenulate, subcoriaceous, glabrous, often discolorous; lamina 4-15 cm long, 2-8 cm wide; base obtusely cuneate or shortly attenuate; secondary veins 4-8 pairs; petiole 7-13 mm long. Flowers in fascicles; pedicels 5-12 mm long; buds obtuse. Calyx lobes broadly deltoid to semiorbicular, erose or entire, 0.5-0.7 mm long. Petals oblong-obovate with lateral margins recurved or revolute, or nearly orbicular and then shortly clawed, 3.5-4.5 mm long. Disc c. 3 mm diam., 1 mm high. Stamens 3; filaments c. 1 mm long. Ovary 3-locular with 2 ovules per locule centrally attached. Fruit subglobose or ellipsoidal, 13-23 mm diam., orange to red, with 1 globose seed 10-15 mm diam.
It is a woody climber. The small twigs are slender. New green shoots are flattened. The leaves are oval and produced opposite one another. They are leathery and dark green. They are 10-18 cm long by 4-6 cm wide. The veins in the leaf curve towards the leaf edge. The leaf stalk is 1 cm long. The flowers are greenish and small. They are produced singly or in clusters. They develop below the leaves on leafless twigs from small pads. The fruit is oval orange-red and 3 cm across. The fruit are edible. Fruit have one seed inside.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical and subtropical plant. It needs a well-drained soils in a sunny position. In southern China it grows in forests below 100-700 m above sea level. It occurs in the Western Ghats in India.
More
Forests at elevations from 100-700 metres in China. Forests along sea-shores and sandy river banks, in lowland primary forest at elevations up to 450 metres.
In forests along the seashore and sandy river banks, in lowland primary forests up to 450 m, once recorded at 900 m in Ceylon.
Grows in vine forests and thickets mostly along the seashore, river banks and behind mangroves.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The flesh of the fruit are eaten. They are sweet. They are peeled.
Uses food gene source medicinal
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use Amenorrhea (root), Diabetes mellitus (root), Dysmenorrhea (root), Sexually transmitted diseases (root), Abortifacient (unspecified), Amenorrhea (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Dysmenorrhea (unspecified), Venereal (unspecified), Diabetes (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. Seed need to be sown fresh.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Salacia chinensis unspecified picture

Distribution

Salacia chinensis world distribution map, present in Australia, China, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Indonesia, India, Iceland, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Sudan, Solomon Islands, Thailand, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:162552-1
WFO ID wfo-0001065503
COL ID 6WZSH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Johnia coromandeliana Tontelea chinensis Tonsella chinensis Salacia podopetala Salacia socia Salacia littoralis Salacia chinensis Tontelea prinoides Salacia patens Salacia naumannii Salacia evonymiflora Johnia serrata Salacia prinoides