Sanguisorba minor Scop.

Salad burnet (en), Pimprenelle à fruits réticulés (fr), Potérium sanguisorbe (fr), Petite sanguisorbe (fr), Petite pimprenelle (fr), Sanguisorbe mineure (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Sanguisorba

Characteristics

Herb with branching rhizomes; stems ± erect, up to 35-(70) cm tall at flowering, glabrous to sparingly pilose, sparingly branched, greenish yellow to purplish, grooved. Lower lvs in basal rosettes; petiole short; blade oblong to narrowly oblanceolate, up to 150-(300) × 45 mm, imparipinnate; leaflets in (5)-7-10-(12) pairs, shortly petiolulate or subsessile, narrowly obovate to elliptic or orbicular, 5-12-(30) mm long, glabrous above, sparsely finely puberulent and often with a few longer hairs on veins beneath, deeply serrate, sometimes purplish especially towards margins or pale to ± glaucous below. Cauline lvs few, similar to basal lvs but with fewer and narrower leaflets. Infl. a dense globose head, elongating somewhat at fruiting. Sepals ovate-oblong, (2)-3-4 mm long, free, ± emarginate with a small cusp, green; margins whitish or pink to purple. Stamens numerous. Hypanthium usually broadly ellipsoid, rarely ellipsoid at fruiting, glabrous, almost glabrous or pubescent, (2)-4-5 mm long, usually sharply angled and winged, rarely obscurely winged; faces usually reticulate and the ridges with small projections, rarely faintly reticulate.
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Perennial herb, 0.2-0.4 m high; stems and petioles angled and striate, villous to scarcely pubescent from base upwards with white multicellular and glandular hairs. Leaves alternate; leaflets ovate to obovate-oblong, sessile or with a petiolule, bases cuneate-rounded, apices blunt, glabrous above. Stipules half-lunate, deeply-toothed, sparsely hairy at base. Inflorescence a globose-ovoid head, axis hairy; bracts rhomboid-ovate; bracteoles obovate-orbicular, hairy on outer surface and margins. Flowers subsessile, actinomorphic; floral tube ellipsoid, glabrous; sepals ovate-elliptic, concave on inner surface, glabrous; stamens 18; filaments filiform; carpels 2; styles 2; stigma penicillate. Flowering time May-July. Fruit 4-angled, ellipsoid.
Perennial from a caudex-like rhizome; stems 2–7 dm; lower lvs numerous and well developed, with usually 7–17 lfls, the upper lvs progressively reduced; lfls ovate to rotund, 5–20 mm, with 3–7 sharp teeth on each side; heads several on elongate peduncles, short-ovoid to globose, 8–20 mm; fls subtended by ciliate bracts, the lower ones perfect or staminate, the upper pistillate; sep green or brown, 2.5–5 mm, the inner pair broader than the outer; stamens numerous, the long filaments drooping; pistils 2; mature hypanthium 5 mm, very rough between the wings; achenes 2, semi-ovoid; 2n=28, 56. Native of Eurasia, established as a weed along roadsides and in fields and waste places here and there in our range. May, June. (Poterium sanguisorba)
Herb, 0.5 m, stems faintly soft-hairy. Leaves 5-9 cm long. Leaflets 3 or 4 pairs, 1.5-2.5 cm long. Heads globose, up to 1.5 cm diam., with up to 15 crowded flowers, peduncle up to 10 cm long. Flowers sessile, bisexual (rarely male) in lower part, female in upper part of head. Hypanthium 4-ribbed. Sepals imbricate. Stamens 10-30 in male and bisexual flowers, filaments up to 8 mm. Pistils 2. Achenes glabrous, pericarp bony in upper part.
A perennial herb. It can be grown as an annual. It forms clumps. It grows about 30 cm high. The leaves are produced in pairs about 25 mm apart. The leaves are small and round and deep green. They have teeth around the edge. The leaves have the smell of cucumber. The slender side stems droop giving a feather like appearance. The central stalks have reddish-pink berry like flowers. These have long purple stamens.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality polygamodioecy
Pollination
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 0.6
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 0.58
Root diameter (meter) 0.5
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It occurs in mountainous areas of Europe. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 1,800 m above sea level. In Hobart Botanical gardens. It suits hardiness zones 3-8. Tasmania Herbarium.
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Grassland, usually on calcareous soils.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The shoots and leaves are eaten. The leaves have a cucumber taste. They can be added to salads and sauces. They are used in soups and vinegar. The dried leaves are steeped for tea. Young seedlings are boiled and eaten.
Uses environmental use fodder leaf vegetable medicinal seasoning spice tea
Edible flowers leaves seeds shoots
Therapeutic use Apertif (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Hemostat (unspecified), Gargle (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 19 - 37
Germination temperacture (C°) 20
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) 13 - 22
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Sanguisorba minor habit picture by John Walsh (cc-by-sa)
Sanguisorba minor habit picture by Jean-François Baudin (cc-by-sa)
Sanguisorba minor habit picture by Jean Burger (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Sanguisorba minor leaf picture by Jessy Reyns (cc-by-sa)
Sanguisorba minor leaf picture by Callejas Iván (cc-by-sa)
Sanguisorba minor leaf picture by Diego Alex (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Sanguisorba minor flower picture by Willy Van Kaam (cc-by-sa)
Sanguisorba minor flower picture by Laszlo T (cc-by-sa)
Sanguisorba minor flower picture by David Hocken (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Sanguisorba minor world distribution map, present in France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, New Zealand, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:741394-1
WFO ID wfo-0001015888
COL ID 4M6GM
BDTFX ID 53054
INPN ID 115789
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Sanguisorba dictyocarpa Sanguisorba sanguisorba Poterion sanguisorbens Poterium glaucescens Sanguisorba pimpinella Sanguisorba maroccana Poterium sanguisorba Poterium sanguisorba Sanguisorba poterium Poterium vulgare Sanguisorba dictyocarpa Sanguisorba glaucescens Sanguisorba vulgaris Poterium dictyocarpum Pimpinella sanguisorba Poterium anceps Poterium maroccanum Sanguisorba dictiocarpa Sanguisorba duriaei Sanguisorba fontanesii Sanguisorba guestphalica Poterium collinum Poterium guestphalicum Sanguisorba vulgaris Poterium minus Poterium sanguisorba subsp. dictyocarpum Poterium sanguisorba subsp. sanguisorba Sanguisorba minor subsp. minor Poterium dictyocarpum var. virescens Poterium dictyocarpum var. glaucum Sanguisorba minor subsp. dictyocarpa Sanguisorba minor var. virescens Sanguisorba sanguisorba var. glaucescens Sanguisorba sanguisorba var. virescens Poterium glaucescens var. guestphalicum Poterium sanguisorba var. dictyocarpum Poterium sanguisorba var. glaucescens Poterium sanguisorba subsp. glaucescens Sanguisorba minor var. atlantica Sanguisorba minor var. glaucescens Sanguisorba vulgaris var. glaucescens Sanguisorba minor subsp. dictyocarpa Poterium sanguisorba subsp. glaucum Sanguisorba minor var. puberula Sanguisorba minor subsp. dictyocarpa Poterium dictyocarpum var. glaucescens Poterium dictyocarpum var. guestphalicum Poterium sanguisorba var. guestphalicum Sanguisorba minor var. maroccana Sanguisorba minor subsp. euminor Sanguisorba minor subsp. anceps Poterium sanguisorba subsp. virescens Sanguisorba minor var. glauca Sanguisorba minor

Lower taxons

Sanguisorba minor subsp. lasiocarpa Sanguisorba minor subsp. magnolii Sanguisorba minor subsp. balearica Sanguisorba minor subsp. verrucosa