Satyrium macrophyllum Lindl.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Satyrium

Characteristics

Plants erect, (250-) 480-800 (-1000) mm tall; leaves 2-3, basal, partly erect, lamina ovate-obtuse to oblong-lanceolate, 50-300 mm long. Inflorescences with the flowers standing separated and well away from the stem, (19-) 31-64 (-87)-flowered; bracts narrowly lanceolate, fully deªflexed, 2-4 times the length of the slender, straight, 8-13 mm long ovary. Flowers white to deep pink, tinged to streaked darker along the meªdian inner surfaces of sepals and petals. Sepals 7-14 mm long, 2/3 to 3/4 fused to the other perianth parts. Lip spurs 13-26 mm long. Pollinia with 2 semi-globose viscidia; stigma flap semi-orbicular to lunate, c. 1 mm long and 2-3 mm broad; rosªtellum broadly oblong, c. 1.8 mm long, with short, parallel arms with minute teeth on each side of the viscidia.
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Plants terrestrial, robust, 0.25-1.06 m high. Leaves 2 or 3, basal, partly erect, ovate-obtuse to oblong-lanceolate, 50-300 mm long. Inflorescence dense, 31-64-flowered; bracts fully deflexed. Flowers white to deep pink tinged darker on sepals and petals. Sepals 7-14 mm long, fused to petals and lip. Lip deeper than tall, apical flap 0.5 mm long, bent back with minute ridge; spur slender, 13-26 mm long. Flowering time Feb., Mar.
A herb. It is an orchid that grows in the soil. It grows 15-80 cm high. There are 6-10 leaves. The lowest ones form a sheath. The higher leaves are 24 cm long by 8 cm wide. The flowering stalks are 22 cm long. There are many flowers. The flowers are pink. The tubers are 2.5 cm long by 1 cm wide. They are oval.
Leaves 6–10, the lowest 1–3 sheath-like, the next 2 large and spreading, near the base of the stem but not appressed to the ground, 10–24 × 4.5–8 cm, ovate, glossy light green; the remainder spaced along the stem, much smaller and sheath-like.
Lip 8–10.5 mm long, 6.5–8.5 mm wide when spread out, very convex and hooded, the apex shortly reflexed, wide-mouthed and thin-textured.
Sepals and petals projecting forwards or slightly decurved, joined to each other and lip for about a third of their length.
Median sepal 10–15 × 1.5–2 mm, ligulate, obtuse; lateral sepals oblique, slightly shorter and 2–3 mm wide.
Column up to 8 mm high; stigma 1.5 × 2.5 mm; rostellum equally 3-lobed, the mid-lobe shortly bifid.
Terrestrial herb 15–80 cm high; tubers up to 2.5 × 1 cm, ± globose or ovoid, almost glabrous.
Bracts reflexed, up to 3 cm long at base of inflorescence, lanceolate, acute.
Inflorescence 7–22 × 2.5–4 cm, fairly densely 10-to many-flowered.
Spurs 12–20 mm long, slender, tapering, parallel to ovary.
Petals slightly shorter and broader than median sepal.
Ovary and pedicel 10 mm long, tinged with pink.
Flowers pale to deep pink or carmine-red.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. In South Africa, it grows in grassland and woodland between 1,000-1,940 m above sea level. In Tanzania it grows between 1,200-2,900 m above sea level.
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Damp or poorly drained upland grassland, edges of scrub or open Brachystegia woodland at elevations from 1,200-2,900 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The tubers are peeled and washed and then cooked and eaten like potatoes. They are also peeled and pounded and the flour fermented and then baked into cakes.
Uses medicinal
Edible roots tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from tubers.
Mode seedlings tubers
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Satyrium macrophyllum unspecified picture

Distribution

Satyrium macrophyllum world distribution map, present in Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:657010-1
WFO ID wfo-0000304785
COL ID 79Q96
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Satyrium brachyrhynchum Satyrium macrophyllum Satyrium speciosum Satyrium buchananii Satyrium morrumbalaensis Satyrium cheirophorum