Sauromatum venosum (Aiton) Kunth

Voodoo lily (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Alismatales > Araceae > Sauromatum

Characteristics

Tuber depressed-globose, 4–10 cm. in diameter.. Petiole terete, up to 90 cm. long, green, often black-purple spotted or tinged brownish purple; blade kidney-shaped to subcircular in outline, 25–60 cm. broad, pedately-lobed; lobes 7–11, ovate-elliptic, acuminate, cuneate, deeply divided almost to base; central lobe usually obovate-elliptic, 12–30 cm. long, 5–16 cm. broad; lateral lobes progressively smaller.. Inflorescence appearing before leaves, with very strong carrion smell at anthesis, subtended by several oblong-lanceolate cataphylls; peduncle short, 2–8 cm. when in flower, subterranean, spathe borne at or partly below ground-level.. Spathe 25–50 cm. long; tube subcylindric with inflated ellipsoid basal part, 5–10 cm. long, 2–5 cm. in diameter, erect, outside dull purplish green, inside reddish purple, smooth; limb narrowly lanceolate-triangular, 20–40 cm. long, 3–9 cm. broad, reflexing and twisting spirally at maturity, inner surface pale yellow to pale green with numerous dark maroon-purple oblong to subcircular spots that are smaller towards base and merge near crisped-undulate margins.. Spadix 20–42 cm. long; sterile appendix cylindric, 14–30 cm. long, 0.5–1.6 cm. in diameter, erect at first, later curving forward, smooth, dull greyish green with cream base; staminate part cylindric, 1–1.7 cm. long, 0.5–1.5 cm. in diameter, sulphur yellow; sterile zone with cylindric, longitudinally ridged axis, 3.5–8 cm. long, 0.3–1.2 cm. in diameter, cream becoming purple apically, lowermost 1.5–2 cm. bearing 0.5–0.8 cm. long, horizontal to upward-curving, filiform to clavate, cream, sterile projections, with bluish-green, ± swollen tips; pistillate part cylindric to subconic, 0.7–1.6 cm. long, 0.6–1.4 cm. in diameter.. Ovary flask-shaped to cylindric, dark reddish-purple; ovules 1–2, pear-shaped, borne on massive basal placental cushion; stigma capitate, cream, 0.5 mm. in diameter.. Berries obovate, 0.9–1 cm. long, ± 0.8 cm. in diameter, 1–2-seeded, mulberry purple to red, borne at or partly below ground-level in tight subglobose head up to 4 cm. in diameter.. Seed obovate, 0.7–0.8 cm. long, 0.45–0.55 cm. in diameter; testa fleshy, dark spotted; embryo small, central, cylindric; endosperm copious.. Fig. 15.
More
Tuber depressed globose, to ca. 9 cm high and ca. 15 cm in diam., producing numerous annual offsets, these globose or depressed globose. Petiole yellowish green, with rounded purplish brown spots, 20-100 cm; leaf blade 9-11-pedatifid; central lobe oblong or oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate, 10-40 × 4-20 cm, acuminate; lateral leaflets elliptic, gradually smaller toward distal end of rachis. Inflorescence appearing before leaves; peduncle greenish white, with or without a few brown spots, 3-7 cm, sometimes elongating during fruiting. Spathe base outside dull dark violet, inside rich reddish purple, ellipsoid, 5-10 × 2-4 cm; limb convolute at base, ca. 10 cm, distally outside as base but slightly darker and with a few violet longitudinal stripes, inside background color yellowish, almost entirely covered by numerous orbicular to elliptic, confluent dark purple spots, lanceolate, 30-70 × 8-10 cm, apex acuminate. Spadix slightly shorter than or as long as spathe; female zone subcylindric, 2-2.5 × 1-1.5 cm; ovary violet or pale purple, obovoid, 2-4-ovuled; sterile zone 8-8.5 cm, proximal 2-2.5 cm sparsely covered with long staminodes, distally grooved and with a few distant conic projections, proximally whitish, distally pale brownish violet; staminodes yellow, clavate, 4-10 mm; male zone 1-2 × 1-1.5 cm; stamens yellow; appendix at first erect, finally recurved, pale brown to pale violet or lead-colored, terete, to 30 cm, ca. 1 cm in diam. at base, obtuse. Fruiting zone globose or subcylindric, naked, to ca. 9 cm in diam.; berries crowded, bright purple, cylindric, 5-10 × 2-4 mm, angulate, apex truncate. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jul.
A herb which forms tubers. The corm can be 13 cm across. The leaf stalk is mottled black. It forms leaves after flowering. The leaf occurs singly and has 7-15 variable lobes. The interior of the spathe is speckled. The flower stalk or spadix is finger-like. The fruit are red berries. The seeds are oval and 1.8 mm across. The flower has a bad smell. The leaves appear after flowering.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A subtropical plant. It grows in primary evergreen forests, meadows by river, secondary thickets, pathsides between 1350-2030 m in southern China. In Yunnan.
Light 4-6
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-11

Usage

CAUTION: The tuber is toxic. It must be carefully processed. The tuber is boiled then cut into pieces and leached in running water. It is then cooked and eaten whole or processed into flour. The leaves are used as a vegetable. The stems are cooked.
Uses environmental use food gene source medicinal
Edible leaves roots stems tubers
Therapeutic use Skin diseases, infectious (root), Snake bites (root), Wounds and injuries (tuber), Poison (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -12
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Sauromatum venosum unspecified picture

Distribution

Sauromatum venosum world distribution map, present in Angola, Bangladesh, Central African Republic, China, Ethiopia, Gabon, Indonesia, Kenya, Myanmar, Mozambique, Nepal, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Yemen, and Zambia

Conservation status

Sauromatum venosum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:88690-1
WFO ID wfo-0000304979
COL ID 6Y3KD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Arum clavatum Arum fugax Arum guttatum Arum simlense Arum venosum Sauromatum nubicum Sauromatum pedatum Sauromatum pulchrum Sauromatum sessiliflorum Sauromatum simlense Sauromatum venosum Jaimenostia fernandopoana Arum sessiliflorum Sauromatum abyssinicum Sauromatum angolense Sauromatum guttatum Typhonium venosum Desmesia venosa Arisaema venosum Alocasia pedata Arum pedatum Sauromatum guttatum var. punctatum Sauromatum guttatum var. pulchrum Sauromatum guttatum var. sessiliflorum Sauromatum guttatum var. pedatum Sauromatum guttatum var. simlense Sauromatum guttatum var. venosum Sauromatum nubicum var. angolense Arum pedatum Arum pedatum Sauromatum punctatum