Scleria melanomphala Kunth

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Cyperaceae > Scleria

Characteristics

Perennial herb, 0.6-1.8 m high, tufted or long-rhizomatous. Leaf sheaths with mouths produced into convex tongue with pale, membranous margins; blades 7-15(-20) mm wide, glabrescent or sparsely villous; Culm nodose, glabrous or glabrescent. Inflorescence with terminal, ± spiciform panicle 30-90 (-110) mm long, smaller ± spiciform lateral panicles (0)1-3 at (0)1-3 nodes, exserted up to 300 mm from sheaths. Subtending bracts foliaceous. Male spikelets sessile or subsessile, 10-12 mm long, glumes red-brown or blackish red, hispidulous or villous on midrib. Female glumes red-brown or blackish red with green, hispidulous or villous keels, shortly awned. Flowering time Nov.-Mar. Nutlet ovate, 4.0-5.3 mm long, shining, grey or brown proximally, blackish distally, surface glabrous or proximally sparsely hairy, smooth. Hypogynium obscurely 3-lobed or unlobed, pale brown.
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Perennial. Rhizome elongate or contracted, 4-5(-7) mm thick; scales reddish-brown. Culms 0.8-2 m tall, glabrous or glabrescent. Leaves 7-15(-20) mm broad, glabrescent or sparsely villous; sheaths with mouths produced into a convex tongue with pale, membranous margin. Inflorescence with terminal ± spiciform panicle 30-90(-110) mm long, smaller ± spiciform lateral panicles (0)-1-3 at (0)-1-3 nodes, exserted up to 300 mm from sheaths. Bracts foliaceous. Mate spikelets sessile or subsessile, 10-12 mm long; glumes red-brown or blackish-red, hispidulous or villous on midrib. Female glumes red-brown or blackish-red with green, hispidulous or villous keels, shortly awned. Achene ovoid, 4-5.25 mm x 2.5-3.5 mm, glabrous or proximally sparsely hairy, smooth, grey or brown proximally, blackish distally; hypogynium obscurely trilobed or zoniform, pale brown.
Perennial herb, up to 2 m high. Panicles compact, spiciform, 1 or 2(-4). Leaves evenly spaced along length of column. Female glumes 7-11 mm long, glabrous adaxially. Achene ovoid, beakless, grey with blackish apex. Glumes reddish brown or blackish red.
Dense panicles, the lateral ones pendulous
Stout perennial up to 2 m. high
Broad leaves
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.4 - 2.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Swamps and very wet places in grassland and forest.
Light -
Soil humidity 7-9
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Scleria melanomphala world distribution map, present in Angola, Brazil, Botswana, Central African Republic, Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria, Paraguay, Rwanda, Sudan, Sierra Leone, eSwatini, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Scleria melanomphala threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:314862-1
WFO ID wfo-0000551639
COL ID 4VNVJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 894978
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Scleria centralis Scleria longigluma Scleria melanomphala Scleria tisserantii Scleria melanocephala Scleria melanomphala f. oculo-albo