Scoparia dulcis L.

Licorice weed (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Plantaginaceae > Scoparia

Characteristics

Perennial herbs or weak shrubs to 1.5 m tall, conspicuously glandular punctate (under a lens), the branches slender, angled by the concaulescent leaf bases, mostly glabrous, sometimes ciliate at the nodes. Leaves opposite, sometimes obovate, saliently dentate and to 4 cm long and 1.8 cm wide, mostly much narrower and smaller, the teeth often inconspicuous, apically obtuse, basally cuneate, sometimes with a distinct petiolar region, the midvein prominent with ca. 3 ascending lateral veins on each side, the venation often obscure above. Inflorescence of 1-several flowers from the leaf axils, often paired; pedicels filiform, mostly ca. 5 mm long. Flowers small, the calyx 4-parted nearly to the base, the lobes oblong, obtuse or rounded apically, mostly glabrous, sometimes ciliate, apically rounded, 3 nerved; corolla white, rotate, 4-lobed nearly to the base, the lobes 21/2 mm long, only slightly exceeding the calyx, ovate, glabrous above but densely bearded with long white hairs in the lower '/8 within; stamens 4, the filaments glabrous, slender, inserted on the corolla tube, 1 mm long; anthers yellow, 1 mm long, ellipsoidal, exserted; ovary ellipsoidal, the style 1.5 mm long, only slightly exceeding the anthers, the stigma punctiform, exserted. Capsule globose, 1.5-2.0 mm across, exceeding the calyx, 4-sulcate, yellowish brown, glabrous, dehiscing apically, sometimes beaked by remnants of the style; seeds numerous, ca. 0.5 mm long, somewhat prismatic, coarsely reticulate.
More
A herb. It grows 1 m tall. The stems are square. The leaves are simple and have 3 in a ring. They are 1-4 cm long and up to 2 cm wide. They surfaces are like sandpaper. The flowers occur in a cluster of 1 or 2 flowers. The flowers are 6 mm across. There are 4 white or pink petals. The fruit is a brown capsule. It is 2-4 mm long and has 2-4 valves. The seeds are brown.
Leaves 1.2–4.5(5.5) x 0.2–0.9 cm., usually ternately whorled or occasionally opposite, narrowly oblanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, narrowed towards base, apex acute or obtuse, crenate to clearly and sometimes deeply serrate in upper half, almost entire below, glabrous, densely punctate, nerves prominent below.
Flowers solitary or more rarely paired in axils of leaf-like bracts, forming branched, many-flowered raceme-like inflorescence; pedicels up to 0.7 cm. long, filiform, glabrous.
Woody perennial or subshrub to 60 cm. tall, erect, much-branched, glabrous or minutely hairy especially at nodes; stem and branches angular or ribbed.
Calyx 1.5–2.5 mm. long, 4-lobed, lobes ovate to oblong, obtuse, shortly ciliate towards apex.
Flowers white or bluish, usually 4 petals, densely bearded inside.
Corolla 2.5–3.5 mm. long, white to pale mauve.
Capsule 2–3.5 mm. long, ripening pale brown.
Erect shrubby weed 1-3 ft.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in rainforest and swamp forest. It suits humid locations. It grows in wetlands. In tropical Queensland it grows from sea level to 950 m altitude. It is best in full sun. In Yunnan.
More
Moist thickets or along sandy stream beds, abundant in waste or cultivated ground, frequent about dwellings, at elevations up to 800 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves are used to sweeten well water. They are also used for tea. The young shoots are eaten raw and also cooked as a vegetable. They are fried. The young leaves can be stored for 3-4 days.
Uses animal food food material medicinal poison social use tea
Edible leaves seeds shoots
Therapeutic use Anemia (leaf), Bronchitis (leaf), Diabetes mellitus (leaf), Fever (leaf), Antipyretics (root), Pregnancy complications (root), Anemia (stem), Diabetes mellitus (stem), Ache(Ear) (unspecified), Albuminuria (unspecified), Amygdalosis (unspecified), Antidote (unspecified), Antiseptic (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Blennorrhagia (unspecified), Bruise (unspecified), Conjunctivitis (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Diabetes (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Dysmenorrhea (unspecified), Eczema (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Evil eye (unspecified), Expectorant (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Gravel (unspecified), Grip (unspecified), Hyperglycemia (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Insecticide (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Kidney (unspecified), Labor (unspecified), Mange (unspecified), Marasmus (unspecified), Metroxenia (unspecified), Nerves (unspecified), Ophthalmia (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sore(Throat) (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Ache(Stomach) (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Anemia (unspecified), Opium-substitute (unspecified), Retinitis (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Menorrhagia (unspecified), Syphilis (unspecified), Venereal (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Ketonuria (unspecified), Rash (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Analgesics (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Diabetes mellitus (unspecified), Emetics (unspecified), Eye infections (unspecified), Gastric acid (unspecified), Gout (unspecified), Herpesvirus 1, human (unspecified), Kidney calculi (unspecified), Kidney diseases (unspecified), Urination disorders (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (whole plant), Diarrhea (whole plant), Emetics (whole plant), Fever (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from seeds. The seeds are broadcast or scattered.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Scoparia dulcis habit picture by SORIANO DE ANDRADE EGMON (cc-by-sa)
Scoparia dulcis habit picture by Apiano Ferreira de Morais Neto (cc-by-sa)
Scoparia dulcis habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Scoparia dulcis leaf picture by Rajendra Rajendra Choure (cc-by-sa)
Scoparia dulcis leaf picture by Ajay Sahu (cc-by-sa)
Scoparia dulcis leaf picture by Sudhanshu Kumar (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Scoparia dulcis flower picture by Rajendra Rajendra Choure (cc-by-sa)
Scoparia dulcis flower picture by Augustin Soulard (cc-by-sa)
Scoparia dulcis flower picture by nrn Nifo (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Scoparia dulcis fruit picture by Rajendra Rajendra Choure (cc-by-sa)
Scoparia dulcis fruit picture by jagadeeswaran kannan (cc-by-sa)
Scoparia dulcis fruit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Scoparia dulcis world distribution map, present in Angola, Argentina, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Benin, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Barbados, Bhutan, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Gabon, Guinea, Guadeloupe, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Grenada, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guam, Guyana, Honduras, Indonesia, India, Jamaica, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mexico, Marshall Islands, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritania, Montserrat, Martinique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Nepal, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Singapore, El Salvador, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe, Suriname, Seychelles, Turks and Caicos Islands, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Province of China, Uruguay, United States of America, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, South Africa, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:230902-2
WFO ID wfo-0000495138
COL ID 6XZ38
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447612
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Scoparia gypsophyloides Ambulia micrantha Scoparia procumbens Scoparia purpurea Capraria dulcis Gratiola micrantha Scoparia ternata Scoparia grandiflora Scoparia fruticosa Capraria dulcis var. albiflora Capraria dulcis var. coerulea Scoparia dulcis var. tenuifolia Scoparia dulcis