Setaria incrassata Hack.

Vlei bristle grass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Setaria

Characteristics

Tufted perennial arising from a short rhizome; culms 20–200 cm. high, the nodes pubescent though the hairs sometimes fugacious, rarely glabrous.. Leaf-blades flat or convolute, 10–60 cm. long, 1–15 mm. wide, attenuate to a filiform tip.. Panicle spiciform, cylindrical or somewhat interrupted, 3–30 cm. long, spikelets and bristles typically pallid green often with purple tips and sometimes wholly purple, the rhachis tomentellous to sparsely pilose; bristles 2–15 mm. long, in bundles of about 4.. Spikelets broadly ovate to gibbously suborbicular, laterally compressed, 2–3(–4) mm. long; lower glume 1/3–2/3, the upper 2/3 to as long as the spikelet and (5–)7–9(–11)-nerved; lower floret male, its lemma firmly membranous; upper lemma punctate to obscurely rugose.
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Tufted perennial 300-2000 mm high; rhizome short, oblique, creeping, not robust; basal sheaths straw-coloured to light brown or reddish; culm node hairy, rarely glabrous. Leaf blade 150-600 x 3-14 mm. Inflorescence spike-like, tapering towards apex, often interrupted at base; bristles several, 2-15 mm long, scaberulous, slender, usually tapering to apex, green, often with purple. Spikelet 2.5-3.0(-3.7) mm long; lower glume 3-nerved; upper glume (5)7-9(-11)-nerved; lower lemma firmly membranous; upper lemma punctate to obscurely rugose.
Perennial; up to 2 m high; with oblique creeping rhizome and tufted. Culm nodes hairy. Leaf blades 150-600 x 3-14 mm; basal sheaths straw coloured to light brown or reddish. Flowers: panicle spike-like; tapering at apex; often interrupted in lower part; spikelets 2.5-3.0(-3.7) mm long; bristles several; upper glume (5)7-9(-11)-nerved.
Perennial, rhizomatous and tufted (with an oblique creeping rhizome), up to 2 m high. Leaf blades 150-600 mm long, 3-14 mm wide. Basal parts showing a reddish straw colour. Culm nodes hairy. Spikelets 2.5-3.0 (-3.7) mm long. Panicle spike-like, tapering towards tip, often interrupted in lower part; lower glume 3-nerved.
Panicle 3–30 cm. long, spiciform, cylindrical or somewhat irregular, spikelets and bristles typically pallid green often with purple tips and sometimes wholly purple, the rhachis tomentellous to sparsely pilose; bristles 2–15 mm. long, in bundles of c. 4, tapering and scaberulous to the tip.
Rhizomatous perennial to 2 m, culm nodes pubescent. Leaves linear. Spikelets 2.5-3 mm long, in a contracted spike-like panicle often interrupted below, bristles 4-10 per cluster, lower glume 3-nerved.
Culms 20–200 cm. high, the nodes pubescent though the hairs sometimes fugacious, rarely glabrous (see note); basal sheaths pallid to light brown.
A herb. It is a grass that forms dense tufts and keeps growing from year to year. It has rhizomes or underground stems. It grows 2 m high.
Spikelets 2–3(4) mm. long, broadly ovate to gibbously suborbicular, laterally compressed.
Inferior glume 1/3–2/3, the superior f to as long as spikelet and (5)7–9(11)-nerved.
Inferior floret male, its lemma firmly membranous.
Tufted perennial, arising from a short rhizome.
Superior lemma punctate to obscurely rugose.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 2.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in stony soils that are sometimes waterlogged. It grows from sea level to 2,400 m above sea level. It grows in areas with an annual rainfall between 200-600 mm. It can grow in arid places.
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Found in a variety of habitats from savannah to stony hillsides and margins of evergreen forest; from lowlands to upland situations, most commonly on heavy clay soils.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-7
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use fodder food material
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 16 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Setaria incrassata unspecified picture
Setaria incrassata unspecified picture

Distribution

Setaria incrassata world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Botswana, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Sudan, Somalia, eSwatini, Chad, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:421607-1
WFO ID wfo-0000899271
COL ID 6YKFS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Panicum incrassatum Setaria abyssinica Setaria albida Setaria bequaertii Setaria breviseta Setaria ciliolata Setaria eylesii Setaria interrupta Setaria kersteniana Setaria lacunosa Setaria longissima Setaria lynesii Setaria modesta Setaria mombassana Setaria phanerococca Setaria phleoides Setaria rudifolia Setaria holstii Setaria merkeri Setaria pabularis Setaria palustris Setaria ramulosa Setaria avettae Setaria gerrardii Setaria incrassata Setaria lindiensis Setaria perberbis Setaria setulosa Setaria woodii Setaria abyssinica var. breviseta Setaria abyssinica var. longiseta Setaria gerrardii var. purpurea Setaria woodii subsp. bechuanica Setaria woodii var. woodii Setaria phragmitoides Setaria plurinervis Setaria polyphylla Setaria porphyrantha