Sida acuta Burm.F.

Common wireweed (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Sida

Characteristics

Herb, suffrutex or shrub, perennial, erect, seldom spreading, 0.2-1.8 m high, usually much branched mostly from the base, glabrescent or sparsely pubescent with short stellate and/or long simple hairs, seldom copiously pubescent. Leaves distichous, short-petiolate, the petiole 2.5-8 mm long, the stipules conspicuous, narrowly ovate to linear, 7-15 mm long, usually 3-nerved, persistent; blade ovate to narrowly oblong-ovate, sometimes more or less ovate or elliptic or even some-what rhombic, more or less asymmetric, obtuse to rounded at the base, acute at the apex, finely to coarsely serrate or dentate-serrate at the margin, rarely crenate, variously sized, 1.5-10 cm long and 0.8-3.5 cm broad, 3(-5)-palminerved, green on both sides, minutely stellate-puberulus and/or with scattered, rather long and mostly simple whitish hairs, or glabrescent, the venation slightly prominent be-neath. Flowers axillary, solitary or in small, pseudo-umbellate inflorescences, the pedicel slender, articulated generally below the middle, 2-12 mm long; calyx broadly campanulate, subplicate-5-angulate, 6-9 mm long, foliaceous, 10-ribbed, sparsely to densely hirsute on margins and veins, and/or sometimes minutely stellate-puberulus, or nearly glabrous, moderately accrescent, the lobes broadly triangular, gradually acuminate, ca 3-5.5 mm long and 3-4.8 mm broad, infre-quently shallowly triangular, caudate-cuspidate, ca 2.5-3.5 mm long and 5-7 mm broad, the cusp ca 1-1.5 mm long; petals broadly obovate-cuneate, strongly oblique, subretuse at the apex, 8-10 mm long and 6-8.5 mm broad, yellow, infrequently white; androecium 5-6 mm long, the staminal tube ca 3-4 mm long, minutely stellate-puberulus, rarely glabrous, the filaments numerous, ca 2 mm long; styles filiform, 5-5.5 mm long, connate at the base for ca 1-2 mm. Mericarps 7-9(-12), triquetrous, 2.5-4 mm long, chartaceous, the dorsum with the lower part rugose-reticulate and glabrous, and with the upper part minutely puberulus and with 2 longitudinal, low crests, each terminating into a short beak up to 0.8 mm long, the lateral walls more or less reticulate; seeds trigonous, ca 2-2.5 mm long, puberulus around the hilum.
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Subshrubs or herbs erect, 1-2 m tall. Branchlets pilose or subglabrous. Leaves ± distichous; stipules filiform, 4-6 mm, often longer than petiole, usually persistent; petiole 4-6 mm, sparsely pilose; leaf blade ovate, oblong, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 2-5 × 0.4-1 cm, both surfaces glabrous or sparsely stellate pilose, rarely with simple hairs adaxially, base obtuse, margin dentate, sometimes partly entire toward its base, apex acute or acuminate. Flowers solitary or paired, axillary, sometimes congested at stem apex. Pedicel 4-12 mm, pilose, articulate at middle. Calyx shallowly cup-shaped, connate in basal 1/2, ca. 6 mm, mostly glabrous, margins often ciliate, lobes 5, caudate. Corolla yellow, less often white or yellow-orange, 8-10 mm in diam.; petals obovate, 6-7 mm, ciliate, base attenuate, apex rounded. Filament tube ca. 4 mm, sparsely hirsute. Schizocarp nearly globose; mericarps (4-)6(-9), segmentiform-tetrahedral, ca. 3.5 mm, basally transversely ridged, side walls reticulate-veined, glabrous, apex beaked, ± extending into 2 awns, apically dehiscent. Seed trigonous, ca. 2 mm, glabrous except around hilum. Fl. winter-spring.
Erect suffrutex up to c. 1(3) m tall, glabrous or sometimes sparsely stellately hairy; stems usually much branched, green, woody only at the base. Leaf-lamina 2-6(10) x 0.5-1.5(3.8) cm, green, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, occasionally ovate-lanceolate, apex acute, margin sharply and regularly serrate, base obtuse to rounded; petiole 2.5 mm long, pubescent; stipules usually longer than the petiole, linear. Flowers yellow, solitary or paired, axillary; pedicels 4-12 mm long. Calyx 6-8 mm long, membranous, glabrous, saucer-shaped, somewhat angular, divided to about the middle; lobes deltoid, caudate-acuminate. Petals 6-8 mm long, ciliate. Mericarps 5-6, c. 4 mm long, birostrate with a groove between the awns, reticulately striate and sulcate. Seeds smooth, glabrous except for a pubescent area around the hilum.
A herb. It grows up to 70 cm high. It has many branches. The leaf stalk is 4-6 mm long. The leaves are sword shaped. They are 2-5 cm long by 0.4-1 cm wide. They have teeth around the edge. The flowers are yellow. They occur in the axils of leaves. They are either singly or in pairs. The fruit is nearly round and 3-5 mm across.
Small shrub, up to 1(-3) m high. Leaves lanceolate, sharply serrate. Stipules 6-10 mm long. Flowers solitary or paired, pedicels 4-12 mm long. Mericarps 5 or 6, rugose, with 2 rigid pointed awns. Flowers yellow.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It is common in waste places. It grows in savannah woodland and palm groves. In Yunnan.
More
Scrub, roadsides and wastelands in southern China.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

CAUTION: In some places the leaves are used to produce abortions. The young leaves are cooked and eaten as vegetable.
Uses animal food fiber food material medicinal poison
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Demulcents (leaf), Diuretics (leaf), Edema (leaf), Elephantiasis (leaf), Suppuration (leaf), Ulcer (leaf), Antipyretics (root), Aphrodisiacs (root), Appetite stimulants (root), Astringents (root), Biliary tract diseases (root), Diuretics (root), Hematologic diseases (root), Inflammatory bowel diseases (root), General tonic for rejuvenation (root), Urinary tract infections (root), Cooling effect on body (root), Abortifacient (unspecified), Anodyne (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Bilious (unspecified), Chest (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Demulcent (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Elephantiasis (unspecified), Emollient (unspecified), Erysipelas (unspecified), Evil eye (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Leucorrhea (unspecified), Marasmus (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified), Nausea (unspecified), Nerves (unspecified), Parturition (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Pneumonia (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Soap (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Testicle (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Urogenital (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Ague (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Dentifrice (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Gargle (unspecified), Impotency (unspecified), Poultice (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Hematemesis (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Sida acuta habit picture by Lennaert Steen (cc-by-sa)
Sida acuta habit picture by R. Tournebize (cc-by-sa)
Sida acuta habit picture by R. Tournebize (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Sida acuta leaf picture by Josué Mattos (cc-by-sa)
Sida acuta leaf picture by esdras duarte (cc-by-sa)
Sida acuta leaf picture by Sharad Gaonkar (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Sida acuta flower picture by salver mily (cc-by-sa)
Sida acuta flower picture by Busy bee (cc-by-sa)
Sida acuta flower picture by Yves Clara (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Sida acuta fruit picture by Pankaj Sharma (cc-by-sa)
Sida acuta fruit picture by Rajendra Rajendra Choure (cc-by-sa)
Sida acuta fruit picture by Marc Roussin (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Sida acuta world distribution map, present in Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Brazil, Barbados, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Guadeloupe, Grenada, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Mexico, Montserrat, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, El Salvador, Suriname, Turks and Caicos Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:57641-3
WFO ID wfo-0000496936
COL ID 4X7LX
BDTFX ID 168472
INPN ID 445766
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Sida frutescens Sida garckeana Sida brasila Sida spireifolia Sida rugosa Sida schrankii Sida arrudiana Sida berlandieri Sida foliosa Sida bradei Sida repanda Sida commixta Sida grandior Sida versatilis Sida zelotes Sida lancea Sida crassa Sida malifolia Sida martinicensis Sida parens Malvastrum carpinifolium Sida stauntoniana Sida scoparia Sida lanceolata Sida vogelii Sida bodinieri Sida chanetii Sida carpinifolia Malvinda carpinifolia Sida spiraeifolia Sida disticha Sida capensis Sida acuta var. carpinifolia Sida carpinifolia var. acuta Sida acuta subsp. carpinifolia Sida carpinifolia f. spiraeifolia Sida carpinifolia f. acuta Sida acuta subsp. acuta Sida acuta var. acuta Sida acuta var. madagascariensis Sida acuta var. intermedia Sida acuta