Sigesbeckia orientalis L.

Common st. paul's wort (en), Souveraine d'Orient (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Sigesbeckia

Characteristics

Annual herb, 20-100 cm tall. Stems usually moderately to densely hairy, sometimes only sparsely hairy or becoming glabrous below, much-branched often from base and above. Lower and mid cauline lvs moderately to densely clothed in broad-based hairs on upper surface and in simple and sessile glandular hairs on lower surface, usually apetiolate or shortly petiolate but lamina long-cuneate at base, usually triangular or ovate-triangular, sometimes ovate-elliptic, subacute to acute at apex, ± entire to irregularly toothed with larger teeth toward base, 3-10-(17) cm long. Upper cauline lvs becoming smaller, narrow-elliptic or lanceolate, short-cuneate or obtuse at base and less distinctly toothed. Capitula (excluding bracts) 6-10 mm diam., in loose panicles. Outer involucral bracts 5, clothed in conspicuous, mostly stalked, glandular hairs and sometimes simple hairs, linear-spathulate, 5-10 mm long, much > inner bracts. Inner bracts 5-11, with sparse simple hairs and sometimes few to many glandular hairs, obovate, c. 3 mm long, enfolding outer achenes. Receptacular scales similar to inner bracts, usually with simple hairs at apex only. Ray florets 3-5; ligules yellow, 3-fid. Disc florets 4-20, yellow. Achenes glabrous, dark brown-black, curved, irregularly 3-4-angled, 2-3 mm long.
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Annual erect herbs or subshrubs (0.15–) 0.4–0.8 (–1.5) m high, often much branched with reddish stems. Leaves with winged petiole 5–60 mm long; lamina deltoid, broadly lanceolate or lanceolate, (25–) 30–120 (–150) mm long, (10–) 15–90 (–100) mm wide, acute to truncate at base, toothed, with teeth acute to rounded and largest teeth at base, rarely entire, attenuate, scaberulous on both surfaces, sometimes sparsely glandular. Capitula in loose corymbose panicles, 6–10 mm diam. excluding spreading involucral bracts; involucral bracts usually clavate or narrowly spathulate, 5–10 (–15) mm long, 2–3 times length of florets, densely stalked-glandular; outer paleae green to purplish, coarsely stalked-glandular, enfolding the outer achenes; inner paleae obovate, 3 mm long, membranous, become whitish, flattened. Florets yellow. Ray florets 3–5; ligule c. 1 mm long. Achenes slightly 3-or 4-angled, usually curved, 2–3 mm long, dark brown to purplish black.
Annuals. Stems erect, simple or dichotomously branched, branches opposite, obtusely angulate, 30-75(-100) cm tall, ± crisp pubescent to densely pubescent, especially in upper part. Leaves ovate-triangular, ovate, or oblong-ovate, finely and appressed pilose, especially abaxially, sometimes with sparse small glands and hairs, base cuneate or rounded to subcordate, margin largely and usually unequally toothed to sinuate-dentate, sometimes resembling reduced leaves of sunflower, apex acute or acuminate. Capitula small, ca. 5 mm wide; outer phyllaries with dense stipitate-glandular hairs, oblong-obovate or linear-spatulate, considerably longer than inner, sometimes broader and with small number of glands or shorter. Achenes dark gray or dull black, obpyramidal, sometimes with sparse, more lucid, laevigate irregular tubercles, ca. 3 × 1.2 mm, with white annular groove at apex, marginal achenes slightly curved. Fl. Apr-Sep, fr. Jun-Nov. 2n = 30, 60.
Annual herb 20–120 cm high; stems often red or purplish, pilose.. Leaves ovate to triangular-hastate, 5–18 cm long, 3–11 cm wide, base cuneate to truncate, margins irregularly dentate or serrate, apex obtuse or acute, short-pubescent and often slightly scabridulous on both surfaces and glandular beneath; 3-veined from near base; petiole 1–5 cm long, often slightly winged.. Capitula in lax leafy dichotomous panicles; involucre 5–7 mm long, green; outer phyllaries linear-spatulate, 5–15 mm long; inner phyllaries 5 mm long, all with stalked glands; paleae also often glandular.. Ray florets usually 5, yellow, ray 1.3–1.5 mm long; disc florets ± 12, yellow, ± 1 mm long, glandular near base.. Achenes dark brown or blackish, curved, 3–4 mm long, glandular-pubescent; pappus absent.. Fig. 169 (page 777).
Annual herb 20-120 cm high; stems often red or purplish, pilose. Leaves ovate to triangular-hastate, 5-18 cm long, 3-11 cm wide, base cuneate to truncate, margins irregularly dentate or serrate, apex obtuse or acute, short-pubescent and often slightly scabridulous on both surfaces and glandular beneath; 3-veined from near base; petiole 1-5 cm long, often slightly winged. Capitula in lax leafy dichotomous panicles; involucre 5-7 mm long, green; outer phyllaries linear-spatulate, 5-15 mm long; inner phyllaries 5 mm long, all with stalked glands; paleae also often glandular. Ray florets usually 5, yellow, ray 1.3-1.5 mm long; disc florets ±12, yellow, ±1 mm long, glandular near base. Achenes dark brown or blackish, curved, 3-4 mm long, glandular-pubescent; pappus absent.
Annual 3–10 dm, strigose to hirsutulous; lvs resinous-dotted beneath, ovate or deltoid, coarsely toothed, 4–12 × 2–7 cm, the petiole to half as long, with slender base and upwardly expanding wing-margins; heads rather numerous in small cymose clusters ending the branches; disk under 1 cm wide; invol very conspicuously stipitate-glandular, the loose outer bracts 5–15 mm; rays short and inconspicuous, yellowish or dirty white; achenes 3–3.5 mm; 2n=30. Waste places; native of e. Asia, sparingly intr. in our range. Summer.
Annual herb, up to 1 m high; stems pubescent. Leaves petiolate or subsessile, narrowly to broadly ovate, base broadly cuneate to truncate, apex acute, margins coarsely and irregularly toothed. Capitula many in lax, leafy panicles; Involucral bracts 5, linear-spathu-late, with spreading gland-tipped hairs. Ray florets inconspicuous, yellow. Disc florets yellow. Pappus absent. Cypselae narrowly obovate, 4-angled, curved, apex truncate.
Annual herb, up to 1 m high. Stems and leaves pubescent. Leaves petiolate or subsessile, narrowly to broadly ovate, sometimes bilobed towards base, margins coarsely and irregularly toothed. Involucral bracts linear-spathu-late, with spreading gland-tipped hairs. Flowers yellow; January to June and in October.
A herb. It often has many branches. It grows about 1 m tall. The leaves have winged leaf stalks about 0.5-6 cm long. The leaf blade is D shaped or sword shaped and 3-12 cm long by 1.5-9 cm wide. It narrows into the leaf stalk at the base. The flower head is loose and 0.6-1 cm across. The flowers are yellow.
Minute yellow ray-and disk-florets in heads 1/2 in. across, including the spreading outer involucre
An erect branched annual glandular herb about 3 ft. high
A weed.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grows in moist and shady places, particularly on creek and river banks, and in eucalypt woodland, vine forest and the margins of rainforest, on a range of soils, and at altitudes from sea level to at least 1050 m. A minor weed of disturbed ground and agricultural systems.
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Forest shade; at elevations from 1,700-2,000 metres in Kashmir. In open, waste places, roadsides, fallow fields, young secondary forest, tea and coffee plantations; mainly at low elevations, sometimes ascending to 2,100 metres.
Forest shade; at elevations from 1,700-2,000 metres in Kashmir. In open, waste places, roadsides, fallow fields, young secondary forest, tea and coffee plantations; mainly at low elevations, sometimes ascending to 2,100 metres.
It grows in warm temperate places. It grows in fields and forests between 100-2,800 m above sea level. Tasmania Herbarium. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-12

Usage

Leaves and shoots are eaten after boiling and washing to remove the bitter substance. The flowers are used to scent coconut oil.
Uses essential oil food material medicinal oil poison
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use Angina pectoris, variant (unspecified), Antifungal agents (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Cardiotonic agents (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Gangrene (unspecified), Leprosy (unspecified), Scurvy (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Syphilis (unspecified), Wounds and injuries (unspecified), Urethral diseases (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Antifungal agents (whole plant), Antirheumatic agents (whole plant), Cardiotonic agents (whole plant), Gangrene (whole plant), Leprosy (whole plant), Renal colic (whole plant), Rheumatic diseases (whole plant), Scurvy (whole plant), Syphilis (whole plant), Wounds and injuries (whole plant), Reduced salivation (whole plant), Diaphoretic (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Sigesbeckia orientalis leaf picture by Giovanni Scarmoncin (cc-by-sa)
Sigesbeckia orientalis leaf picture by marjie esteban (cc-by-sa)
Sigesbeckia orientalis leaf picture by Samuel Matthews (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Sigesbeckia orientalis flower picture by Giovanni Scarmoncin (cc-by-sa)
Sigesbeckia orientalis flower picture by Sohail Wagay (cc-by-sa)
Sigesbeckia orientalis flower picture by eter 360 (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Sigesbeckia orientalis world distribution map, present in Angola, Armenia, American Samoa, Australia, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bhutan, China, Cameroon, Cook Islands, Colombia, Germany, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Guyana, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mexico, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malawi, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Paraguay, Réunion, Romania, Singapore, Seychelles, Thailand, Tajikistan, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:249084-1
WFO ID wfo-0000024575
COL ID 6YNS3
BDTFX ID 81382
INPN ID 445485
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Sigesbeckia gracilis Sigesbeckia caspia Sigesbeckia triangularis Sigesbeckia humilis Sigesbeckia glutinosa Sigesbeckia esquirolii Sigesbeckia iberica Sigesbeckia droseroides Sigesbeckia brachiata Sigesbeckia microcephala Sigesbeckia orientalis f. angustifolia Sigesbeckia caspica Minyranthes heterophylla Sigesbeckia orientalis f. orientalis Sigesbeckia orientalis var. orientalis Sigesbeckia orientalis subsp. caspica Sigesbeckia orientalis subsp. orientalis Sigesbeckia orientalis var. tenggerensis Sigesbeckia orientalis var. angustifolia Sigesbeckia orientalis