Sium L.

Waterparsnip (en), Berle au sens large (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Apiales > Apiaceae

Characteristics

Fruit glabrous, slightly laterally compressed, broadly ovoid to oblong, not or slightly narrowed to the commissure; primary ribs pale and prominent, narrow; vittae large to rather small, 1–3 in the valleculae, 2–6 on the commissure, visible in surface view or not, pericarp not very spongy; stylopodia shortly conical to rounded, styles short; carpophore undivided to shortly bipartite, adnate to the mericarps or not. Endosperm bluntly pentagonal to almost round in section.. Coarse glabrous aquatic or marshland perennials. Leaves simply pinnate with toothed, mucronate leaflets. Umbels numerous, compound, pedunculate, leaf-opposed; involucre and involucel conspicuous, of several linear to toothed or dissected bracts and bracteoles. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. Calyx-teeth conspicuous to ± obsolete. Petals white to yellowish, emarginate above with an incurved apical lobule
More
Herbs perennial, aquatic or along water margins, glabrous throughout. Roots fascicled, fusiform or fibrous. Stem solitary, striate, branched, rooting at lower nodes. Basal leaves petiolate, sheathing; leaf blade 1-pinnate; pinnae sessile, remote. Umbels compound, terminal and lateral; bracts and bracteoles present, usually recurved; rays spreading-ascending. Calyx teeth conspicuous or minute, often unequal. Petals white, obovate or subround, base cuneate, apex notched with small incurved lobule, outer petals in umbellule sometimes enlarged (radiant). Stylopodium short-conic; styles divergent or reflexed. Fruit ovoid or ellipsoid, slightly compressed laterally, glabrous; ribs prominent, corky-thickened or obscure; vittae 1–3 in each furrow, 2–6 on commissure. Seed face plane. Carpophore 2-cleft to base.
Fr somewhat flattened laterally, ovate to orbicular, slightly constricted at the commissure, the ribs prominent and corky; oil-tubes 1–3 per interval, 2–6 on the commissure; umbels terminal and lateral, compound, with 6–many rays; bracts 2–several, lanceolate, reflexed; umbellets compact; bractlets slightly smaller than the bracts; sep minute or none; pet white, the outer sometimes slightly enlarged; stylopodium mostly depressed; usually tall, branched, glabrous perennials (sometimes annual?) with once pinnate lvs and 5–many elongate serrate lfls. 8, N. Temp. and S. Afr.
Petals white to yellowish, more or less equal, relatively broad with an incurved apex, rarely the outer becoming subradiate.
Flowers all hermaphrodite, in terminal and lateral compound umbels; bracts and bracteoles numerous and conspicuous.
Ribs filiform, fairly prominent, lateral ribs marginal; mericarps sub-pentagonal in section, endosperm similar.
Fruit ovoid-cylindrical to globose, slightly compressed laterally and constricted at the commissure.
Stylopodium conical or sometimes depressed; styles short and stiff, divergent.
Vittae superficial, 1–6 in each interval and 2–6 in the commissural face.
Carpophore entire or 2-partite at the apex.
Robust glabrous herbs with pinnate leaves.
Sepals well developed to minute.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Sium unspecified picture
Sium unspecified picture

Distribution

Sium world distribution map, present in China and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010350-2
WFO ID wfo-4000035568
COL ID 644BR
BDTFX ID 87231
INPN ID 197710
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Sium

Lower taxons

Sium suave Sium sisarum Sium tenue Sium latijugum Sium carsonii Sium medium Sium serra Sium floridanum Sium ninsi Sium ventricosum Sium latifolium