Smilax anceps Willd.

Species

Angiosperms > Liliales > Smilacaceae > Smilax

Characteristics

Climbing, glabrous shrub.. Stems to 5 m., slender, woody, terete to ribbed or angular, flexuose, basally often armed with small prickles, 1-3 mm.. Leaves alternate; petiole 0.5-2.5 cm. long, with pair of long, firm, spirally curled tendrils at base; blade circular to oblong, 4-17 cm. long, 1.5-12 cm. broad, acute or obtuse, cuspidate, rounded, obscurely cordate or occasionally cuneate at the base, subcoriaceous, 5-7-nerved including marginal nerves, reticulately nerved between.. Inflorescence of dense, solitary, shortly peduncled, many-flowered axillary umbels; peduncles 0.8-2 cm. long, with a pair of persistent, ovate, amplexicaul obtuse bracteoles; pedicels longer than the flowers, 0.4-1.2 cm. long.. Perianth-segments linear to oblong, obtuse, 3-5 mm., greenish white, brownish or yellowish, the inner narrower than the outer.. Stamens equal to or shorter than perianth, 3 sterile; anthers oblong, much shorter than the filaments.. Ovary obovoid to ellipsoid, 2 mm. long; stigmas papillose, 1/3 the length of the ovary.. Berry purple or black, 8-10 mm. wide, 1-2-seeded; pedicel 0.4-2.2 cm. long, articulated at the apex.. Seeds greyish purple.
More
Perennial shrub or climber, 0.8 m high; dioecious. Leaves alternate, shortly petiolate with a pair of spiral tendrils near base of petiole (an extension of leaf sheath); blade ovate to oblong, entire, rounded with recurved mucro; dark green, glabrous, shiny. Inflorescence axillary umbellate, umbels globose. Tepals 3 + 3, free, petaloid, obtuse, recurved. Female flowers yellow-green; staminodes 6, filiform; ovary superior, 3-loc-ular, ovules 1 or 2, axile; style short or absent; stigmas 3. Male flowers: stamens free 6(-15); anthers oblong, shorter than filaments; ovary 0. Flowering time Dec.-Mar. Fruit on berry.
A tall climber. The stems have many small hooks. The leaves occur singly and are alternate. They are broadly oval and 8 cm long by 6 cm wide. There are a pair of unbranched tendrils. The male and female flowers are on separate plants. The flowering groups are in the axils of the leaves. The flowers form a dense round cluster. The fruit is round and fleshy. It is 1 cm across.
Herbaceous climber with tendrils. Stems usually armed with small prickles. Leaves oblong, 5-nerved. Flowers in copious, dense, axillary umbels. Stamens greenish white. Berry globose, the size of a pea.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.65
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in savannah and forests in West Africa. It is often along the edges of rivers.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

The tubers are cooked and eaten as a starchy staple.
Uses food gene source material medicinal poison social use
Edible fruits leaves rhizomes roots shoots
Therapeutic use Depurative (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Ophthalmia (unspecified), Parturition (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Syphilis (unspecified), Venereal (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Fever (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Smilax anceps habit picture by S. Dufour-Kowalski (cc-by-sa)
Smilax anceps habit picture by S. Dufour-Kowalski (cc-by-sa)
Smilax anceps habit picture by Sylvain Piry (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Smilax anceps leaf picture by S. Dufour-Kowalski (cc-by-sa)
Smilax anceps leaf picture by S. Dufour-Kowalski (cc-by-sa)
Smilax anceps leaf picture by S. Dufour-Kowalski (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Smilax anceps flower picture by Herwig Mees (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Smilax anceps fruit picture by Sylvain Piry (cc-by-sa)
Smilax anceps fruit picture by Mathieu diomat (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Smilax anceps world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Congo, Comoros, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritius, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, eSwatini, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1
WFO ID wfo-0000740727
COL ID 4XWBD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706815
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Smilax borbonica Smilax semiamplexicaulis Smilax herbacea Smilax telfaireana Smilax lessertiana Smilax kraussiana Smilax goudotiana Smilax morsaniana Smilax mossambicensis Smilax goudotiana Smilax cynodon Smilax telfaireana Smilax kraussiana var. dregei Smilax kraussiana var. morsoniana Smilax kraussiana var. senegambiae Smilax anceps var. semiamplexicaulis Smilax anceps var. boutonii Smilax anceps