Smilax australis R.Br.

Species

Angiosperms > Liliales > Smilacaceae > Smilax

Characteristics

Climber to c. 7 m; stems to 5 mm diam., prickly or occasionally glabrous. Leaves: lamina lanceolate to broadly elliptic or ovate, 5–15 cm long, 3–10 cm wide, coriaceous, 5-veined; abaxial surface not glaucous; petiole 5–15 mm long, twisted; stipules narrow to broad, sometimes inflated, with tendrils. Inflorescence simple or branched, axillary; pedicels 15–25 mm long. Flowers green, sometimes reddish in bud; buds oblong. Male flowers 6–7 mm diam.; sepals and petals 5 mm long, recurved; stamens 6–7 mm long; anthers 1–1.5 mm long. Female flowers 5–6 mm diam.; sepals and petals 4–5 mm long, slightly recurved; ovary ovoid, 3–4 mm long, glabrous; stigma minutely ciliate. Berry 6–10 mm diam., black. Seeds 1 or 2, ± globose or flattened, dark brown.
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A climber which scrambles widely. It can grow to many metres high. The stems are wiry and 0.5 cm across. They have some sharp prickly thorns. Plants are separately male and female. The leaves are alternate and smooth. They are broadly oval and leathery. The leaf blade is 5-14.5 cm long by 3.2-9.5 cm wide. Leaves are dark green above and paler underneath. There are 3-5 veins running along the leaf. The flowers are small and cream. They are about 0.3-0.6 cm across. Several occur together in the axils of leaves. The fruit is a smooth berry. It is 0.8-1 cm across. They are purple to black when ripe. There are 1-2 seeds inside.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
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Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows naturally in coastal monsoon vine thickets. It grows above the beach or near streams. In tropical Queensland it grows from sea level to 1300 m altitude. Melbourne Botanical Gardens.
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Open forest, woodland, heath, wet sclerophyll forest, rainforest, monsoon vine forest and thicket.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten. They have a slightly hot taste. They are used for jams and jellies.
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The species is sometimes cultivated. Infusions of the leaves have been used medicinally.
Uses animal food food material medicinal
Edible fruits
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Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seeds or cuttings. Seeds can take a few months to germinate.
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Images

Smilax australis unspecified picture

Distribution

Smilax australis world distribution map, present in Australia and Norfolk Island

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541289-1
WFO ID wfo-0000740792
COL ID 6Z48X
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Smilax australis Smilax spinescens Smilax latifolia Smilax latifolia var. crassinervia