Sonchus bipontini Asch.

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Sonchus

Characteristics

Perennial herb, usually weak-stemmed, from a stout rootstock, 0.4–1.5 m high; stems scrambling or straggly, to 9 m long; stems often reddish, hollow, glabrous or distally glandular-setose.. Leaves shiny above, glaucous beneath, sessile, linear-elliptic to lanceolate, 4–20 cm long, 0.2–1.6 cm wide, base attenuate and shortly sagittate in proximal leaves, in distal leaves semi-amplexicaul and sub-auriculate, margins entire or less often with recurved teeth or spinules, sometimes lobed with the lobes narrowly triangular and to 2 cm long, apex attenuate, glabrous.. Capitula solitary or in few-headed rather dense Groups, these in turn in lax leafy corymbs or panicles; stalks of individual capitula short, white-tomentose and sometimes with stalked glands extending further down the inflorescence; involucre cylindric to campanulate, eventually with reflexed phyllaries, 10–15(–18,K3) mm long; phyllaries green with reddish or purplish tinge or tips, narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 2.5–13 mm long, obtuse, white-tomentose proximally, becoming more glabrous distally and on the inner phyllaries, distally ciliate, sometimes the outer and distal part of the inner glandular-setose.. Florets many per capitulum; corolla yellow, tube cylindric, 6–10 mm long, distally pilose; ligules 3–6.5 mm long, 0.5–1.2 mm wide.. Achenes pale or reddish brown, narrowly ellipsoid, slightly flattened, 2.5–3.5 mm long, ribbed, rugulose but glabrous; pappus white, 7–11 mm long.
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Leaves glabrous, largest and crowded on the upper stem, 5–20 x 0.25–1.6 cm., linear-elliptic becoming linear-lanceolate and sessile towards the stem apex, attenuate above, entire or less often ± recurved acicular-dentate to lobed on the margins, attenuate and shortly sagittate at the base in lower leaves, becoming amplexicaul and subauriculate-sagittate in upper leaves; lobes up to c. 2 cm. long narrowly runcinate-triangular; ± well developed leafy axillary shoots usually present, at least in upper leaves, the young axillary growth densely brown-lanate later glabrescent.
Capitula subsessile or shortly stalked, 2-many ± aggregated in terminal clusters or in lax corymbiform cymes; mature capitula subtended by 1-several subsessile buds; the bases of the capitula as well as the subtending buds and the capitula stalks enveloped in a white persistent lanate indumentum, synflorescence branches and capitula stalks densely glandular-setose or glabrous.
Achenes reddish-brown, 2.5–3 mm. long, narrowly ellipsoid, somewhat flattened, c. 4-angular with ribs on the angles, smaller ribs developing in between, the main ribs becoming thickened and transversely rugulose, glabrous; pappus white, dimorphic, c. 11 mm. long composed of minutely barbellate setae intermixed with down-like hairs.
Phyllaries few-seriate, imbricate, white-lanate outside where exposed, glabrescent towards the apices, usually also glandular-setose outside; the outermost c. 4 mm. long, narrowly ovate; the innermost 10–13 x 1.5–2.5 mm., lanceolate, ± obtuse at the apices.
Stems trailing or scrambling to c. 3 m. long, or erect and up to c. 1.2 m. tall, mostly solitary, branched above, very leafy throughout becoming leafless below, terete hollow, sometimes ± glandular-setose above otherwise glabrous.
Corollas yellow, c. 10–13 mm. long, pubescent about the junction of the tube and ligule; ligule c. 3–4 mm. long, oblong.
Involucres c. 10–13 mm. long in fruiting capitula, cylindric later spreading, phyllaries eventually reflexed.
A weak-stemmed perennial herb with a semi-woody rootstock.
Florets numerous.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.8 - 1.35
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses food gene source medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Sonchus bipontini world distribution map, present in Angola, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Malawi, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Uganda

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250041-1
WFO ID wfo-0000003724
COL ID 4Y96L
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sonchus bipontini f. bipontini Sonchus bipontini var. glanduligerus Sonchus bipontini var. louisii Sonchus bipontini f. glanduligerus Sonchus bipontini