Sonchus nanus Sond. ex Harv.

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Sonchus

Characteristics

Plante vivace, chétive, ± acaule, 3-12 cm de hauteur, glabre, ramifiée … la base, collet relativement volumineux. Rhizome ligneux, 4-15 mm diam., plein, portant des racines fibreuses ramifiées, ±0.2 mm diam. Collet ligneux, ramifiée. Tige très courte ou presque nulle. Feuilles du collet en rosette dense, 2-5 x 1.0-1.5 cm, pinnatifides … pinnatiséquées, rarement entières, ± elliptiques ou oblancéolés, lobes triangulaires, marges dentées ou ondulées, bases engaînantes, sommet aigu. Feuilles caulinaires généralement absentes, la tige étant très courte ou nulle, ou peu nombreuses et ressemblant alors … celles du collet. Pédoncule 1-20 mm, rarement plus long. Capitules solitaires ou en groupes de 2-4, densément serrés entre les feuilles, 15 x 8 mm, plus larges pendant l'anthèse et après la maturité. Nombre de fleurs ±80 par capitule. cailles de l'involucre lâchement imbriquées, ±27, sommet obtus et cilié; les externes 10, 5-10 x 2-3 mm; les intermédiaires 8, 12-15 x 2-3 mm; les internes 9, 12-14 x 2-3 mm. Corolle jaune, fleurs externes pourpres sur la face extérieure, 14-17 mm. Ligule 4-5 mm. Tube de la corolle 10-12 mm. Anthères 2 mm. Akènes ±4 x 1.35 mm, brunâtres, étroitement elliptiques, comprimés, faiblement ridés, … 5 c'tes sur chaque face, la médiane épaisse, marges étroites et assez épaisses. Aigrette 8-10 mm, persistante.
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Perennial herb, up to 200 mm high; mostly acaulescent, with milky latex. Leaves crowded in a basal rosette, sessile; blade obovate or elliptic, up to 80 x 25 mm, margins entire, denticulate, pinnatifid or runcinate-pinnatifid. Heads ligulate, 20 x 10 mm, solitary, almost sessile at flowering, peduncles elongating as fruit mature, nude or occasionally minutely bracteate. Involucre white-woolly or glabrous at base; bracts in several series, imbricate, glabrous or with a few fleshy setae. Flowers: ligules yellow; Oct., Nov., Feb. Fruit with cypsela pale brown, narrowly ellipsoid, tapering slightly and equally at both ends, slightly compressed, ribbed, smooth, margins thickened, ± 5 mm long. Pappus of barbellate bristles intermixed with downlike hairs.
A herb. It keeps growing from year to year. It has a woody rootstock. The leaves are at the base. The leaves are narrow and pointed and do not have a stalk. They have irregular lobes and teeth along the edge. The leaves are 12 cm long by 3 cm wide. The flower heads occur singly at the ends of the plant. They are on 20 cm long stalks. Flowers are yellow.
Mostly an acaulescent perennial herb. Leaves crowded in a basal rosette; peduncles nude or occasionally minutely bracteate, 1-headed. Involucre white-woolly or glabrous at base; bracts glabrous or with a few fleshy setae. Achenes slightly compressed, smooth, margins thickened. Flowers yellow.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.12 - 0.16
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows in open grassland. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The young leaves are cooked as a vegetable.
Uses food medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Potherb (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Sonchus nanus world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250258-1
WFO ID wfo-0000017475
COL ID -
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sonchus nanus