Sparrmannia ricinocarpa (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Kuntze

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Sparrmannia

Characteristics

Slender shrub or scrambler up to 3 m tall; stems slender with spreading, simple hairs and shorter stellate hairs. Leaf-blade 30-130 x 15-100 mm, 3-7-lobed, cordate or cordate-sagittate and 5-7 nerved at the base, lobed about half-way or three quarters, middle lobe the longest, lobes, at least the middle one, long-acuminate, incisosinuate, crenate-dentate and often with secondary lobing, stellately or simply pubescent on both sides or with a mixture of both; petiole up to 80 mm long, pubescent; stipules up to 8 mm long, setaceous, pubescent. Inflorescence of extra-axillary or leaf-opposed 6-20-flowered umbels; peduncles up to 80 mm long, pubescent; pedicels pubescent, articulated in the upper half and more densely pubescent above the articulation; bracts up to 7 mm long, subulate to lanceolate, pubescent. Sepals about 10 mm long, lorate, subacute at the apex, pubescent and green on the back, white or purplish inside. Petals white, the same length as the sepals or slightly longer, oblanceolate to oblanceolate-oblong. Stamens many (about 50), filamentous, about 8 mm long, the majority with numerous nodose swellings along the filament, a few outer ones sometimes sterile. Ovary ovoid, echinulate-setulose, many-ovuled; style 7-8 mm long, slender, glabrous, stigma shortly five-toothed. Capsule ellipsoid 4-5-valved, covered with rigid bristles about 10 mm long, overall dimensions 20-25 x 15-20 mm, brown sparsely stellate-pubescent, loculi opening from the apex; seeds dark brown, about 2.5 x 1.5 mm, ellipsoidally biconical.
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Slender, much-branched shrub or scrambler, up to 7 m high. Branches, when young, patently hairy. Leaves with blade ovate to broadly ovate, up to 130 x 100 mm, 5-9-lobed, apices of lobes long-acuminate, acute or blunt, base cordate, margins irregularly crenate; petioles up to 150 mm long, patently hairy. Flowers: in ± 20-flowered extra-axillary pedunculate umbels towards the ends of branches, peduncles and pedicels patently hairy; sepals narrowly ovate, 10-15 mm long; petals 4, obovate, ± 25 x 15 mm, white or yellowish white; Nov.-Jul.
Slender shrub, 0.5-3.0 m high; stems with spreading simple or stellate hairs. Leaves lobed ± halfway, base cordate or cordate-sagittate, margins crenate-dentate. Inflorescences of 6-20-flowered extra-axillary or leaf-opposed umbels; peduncles pubescent. Flowers ± 10 mm long, white. Sepals lorate, green on outside, white or purplish inside. Petals oblanceolate. Flowering time Dec.-Mar. Fruit an ellipsoid 4-or 5-valved capsule, with rigid bristles ± 10 mm long.
Leaf-lamina 3–13 × 1·5–10 cm., 3–7-lobed cordate or cordate-sagittate and 5–7-nerved at the base, lobed about half-way to three-quarters, middle lobe the longest; lobes, or at least the middle one long-acuminate, inciso-sinuate, crenate-dentate and often with secondary lobing; with stellate or simple pubescence on both surfaces or with a mixture of both; petiole up to 8 cm. long, pubescent; stipules up to 8 mm. long, setaceous, pubescent.
Inflorescences of extra-axillary or leaf-opposed 6–20-flowered umbels; peduncles elongated and up to 8 cm. long, pubescent; pedicels pubescent, articulated in the upper half and more densely pubescent above the articulation; bracts up to 7 mm. long, subulate to lanceolate, pubescent.
Capsule 2–2·5 × 1·5–2 cm. including the bristles, ellipsoid, 4–5-valved, covered with rigid bristles, sparsely stellate-pubescent; loculi opening from the apex.
Stamens many (c. 50), filamentous, c. 8 mm. long, the majority with numerous nodose swellings along the filament, a few outer ones sometimes sterile.
A shrub. It grows 3 m high. It can be a scrambler. The petals are white. The outer stamens are sterile and yellow. The fertile filaments are purple.
Slender shrub, scrambler, 3 m high. Leaves up to 130 x 100 mm, lobes long-acuminate. Sepals 10 mm long. Flowers white.
Slender shrub or scrambler, up to 3 m. tall; stems slender, with spreading simple hairs and shorter stellate hairs.
Sepals c. 10 mm. long, lorate, subacute at the apex, pubescent and green on the back, white or purplish inside.
Petals white, the same length as the sepals or slightly longer, oblanceolate to oblanceolate-oblong.
Ovary ovoid, echinulate-setulose; style 7–8 mm. long, slender, glabrous; stigma shortly 5-toothed.
Seeds dark brown, 2·5 × 1·5 mm. ellipsoidally biconical.
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
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Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0
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Environment

Edges, clearings in forest, secondary forest and scrub; grassland with bush-clumps and with patches of Arundinaria and Hagenia; persisting in hedges and in Eucalyptus plantations; gallery forest; savannah; fallow; at elevations 1,200-3,300 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows at the edges of forests at high altitudes.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The stem bark is eaten raw. The leaves are eaten as a spinach.
Uses fiber material
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
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Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
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Distribution

Sparrmannia ricinocarpa world distribution map, present in Angola, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mozambique, Malawi, Réunion, South Sudan, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Sparrmannia ricinocarpa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:835205-1
WFO ID wfo-0000501072
COL ID 6Z7FL
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sparrmannia wittei Sparrmannia ricinocarpa Urena ricinocarpa Sparrmannia palmata