Spartina maritima Fernald

Small cordgrass (en), Spartine raide (fr), Spartine maritime (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Spartina

Characteristics

Perennial, 200-800 mm high; hygrophyte; rhizomatous or stoloniferous. Leaf blade inrolled, rigid; ligule a fringe of hairs. Inflorescence digitate to subdigitate, robust, of (1)2 or 3 long, secund, persistent, spike-like racemes; rachis keeled on face, flattened dorsally, elongated at apex into a sharp point; spikelets solitary at point of attachment to rachis, subsessile, 2-ranked on rachis. Spikelets 12-15 mm long, strongly laterally compressed, awnless; glumes very unequal; lower glume linear, acute or obtuse, 1-nerved; upper glume membranous or subcoriaceous, 3-nerved. Floret 1, bisexual; lemma oblong, membranous, keeled, minutely hairy upwards, 1-nerved, awnless; palea equalling lemma, 2-nerved; anther 5.0-6.0 mm long. Flowering time Nov.-Apr.
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Hygrophytic perennial 200-800 mm high; rhizomatous or stoloniferous; leaves mainly cauline. Leaf blade 120-190 mm long, erect, inrolled, apex pungent. Inflorescence 50-150 mm long; robust, racemes usually 2 or 3 (rarely 1), not spreading, solitary at point of attachment to rachis, secund. Spikelet 12-15 mm long; glumes very unequal; lemma awnless or mucronate; anther 5-6 mm long.
Perennial, up to 0.8 m tall, with rhizomes or stolons. Leaves rigid, spiny; ligule a fringed membrane. Inflorescence of 2 or 3, 1-sided, subdigitate spike-like racemes. Spikelets 12-15 mm long, strongly compressed laterally, hairy, awnless, 1-flowered; glumes very unequal.
Creeping perennial to 80 cm. Leaves linear, rolled. Spikelets secund, in a spike-like raceme, lower glume three-quarters as long as spikelet, upper glume as long as spikelet.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.8
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-10

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Spartina maritima unspecified picture

Distribution

Spartina maritima world distribution map, present in France, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:241121-2
WFO ID wfo-0000900726
COL ID 4YF4R
BDTFX ID 65449
INPN ID 124431
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Paspalum strictum Spartina maritima Spartina pungens Cynodon pungens Poa ternitana Spartina capensis Limnetis pungens Spartina maritima subsp. stricta Spartina intermedia