Spiraea japonica L.F.

Japanese spiraea (en), Spirée du Japon (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Spiraea

Characteristics

Shrubs erect, to 1.5 m tall. Branchlets brownish to purple-brown, slender, subterete, glabrous or pubescent when young; buds ovoid, 3–5 mm, with several scales, puberulous, apex acute. Petiole 1–3 mm, pubescent; leaf blade abaxially paler or glaucous pruinose, adaxially dark green, ovate or ovate-elliptic to lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 2–16 × 1–4 cm, abaxially usually pubescent on veins, adaxially glabrous or puberulous on veins, base cuneate to rounded, margin crenate to doubly serrate, rarely singly serrate, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate. Corymbs terminal on erect, long, leafy shoots of current year, compound, 6–14 × 2.5–14 cm, many flowered; rachis and pedicels densely pubescent; pedicels 4–6 mm; bracts lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, sometimes to 1 cm, abaxially puberulous. Flowers 4–7 mm. Hypanthium campanulate, sparsely pubescent abaxially. Sepals triangular, 1.5–2 mm, erect in fruit, apex acute. Petals usually pink, sometimes white, ovate to orbicular, 2.5–3.5 × 2–3 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens 25–30, much longer than petals. Disk annular, irregularly crenulate. Follicles divergent, glabrous or pilose on adaxial suture; styles ascending. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.
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Semi-deciduous shrub up to c. 1.5 m high, forming small thickets; stems ± erect, stiff; young stems finely striated, pilose, reddish; bark of older stems reddish and smooth. Lvs spreading or slightly ascending; petiole 3-5 mm long, narrowly winged, sparsely pilose, ± reddish, channelled above; blade lanceolate to narrow-ovate or narrow-elliptic, 40-100-(110) × 10-30-(35) mm, acuminate, cuneate at base, glabrous except for principal veins and margins near petiole when young, with network of veins showing distinctly on glaucous to pale green underside of blade, regularly or somewhat irregularly and rather shallowly 2-serrate. Infls densely hairy or tomentose, spreading, compound corymbs terminating short branches, up to 100 mm wide and 40 mm long; peduncles 3-5 mm long, slender. Sepals triangular, 1-1.5 mm long, hairy, sometimes densely so, dark green and sometimes magenta-tipped. Petals broadly ovate to orbicular, c. 2 mm diam., rose-red. Stamens c. = petals. Fr. of diverging, brown, glabrous follicles.
Shrubs, 10–15 dm, ?not rhizomatous?. Stems erect, branched. Leaves: petiole 2–7 mm; blade ovate to lanceolate, 5–10 × 2–4 cm, membranous, base cuneate, margins sharply doubly serrate, ?number of primary and secondary serrations 3–5 times number of secondary veins (excluding inter-secondary veins)?, venation pinnate simple craspedodromous, secondary veins not prominent, apex acute, abaxial surface pubescent, adaxial glabrous. Inflorescences mostly terminal, corymbiform, 5–8 × 5–15 cm; branches finely villous. Pedicels 4–6 mm, finely villous. Flowers 4–8 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 1–1.2 mm, abaxial surface strigose, adaxial pubescent; sepals triangular, 1–1.3 mm; petals light to dark pink, obovate, 1–1.5 mm; staminodes 0; stamens 25–30, 2 times petal length. Follicles oblanceoloid, 2–3 mm, glabrous, ?adaxial suture glabrous or ciliate?. 2n = 36.
Shrub to 1.5 m; lvs lanceolate or lance-ovate, 8–15 × 2.5–5 cm, long-acuminate, sharply toothed, acute at base; infl terminal, compound, short and broad, 5–20 cm wide; pedicels and hypanthium finely pubescent; fls mostly pink, 5 mm wide; fr 2.5–3 mm; 2n=18. Native of Japan, often escaped from cult. June, July.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.25
Mature height (meter) 1.25 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.4
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Mountains all over Japan. Forests, forested slopes, forest clearings, thickets, grassy slopes, mountain valleys, gullies, river banks, alpine steppes, rocky and stony places; also commonly cultivated; at elevations from 700-4,000 metres.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity 2-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

Uses environmental use gene source material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Cough (shoot), Cyanogenetic (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 40
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Spiraea japonica habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Spiraea japonica habit picture by Sabina Hartmann (cc-by-sa)
Spiraea japonica habit picture by Sabina Hartmann (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Spiraea japonica leaf picture by Dawnya Williams (cc-by-sa)
Spiraea japonica leaf picture by Rose Kat (cc-by-sa)
Spiraea japonica leaf picture by Daniel Schwarz (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Spiraea japonica flower picture by Merentceva Tanja (cc-by-sa)
Spiraea japonica flower picture by gina Bo (cc-by-sa)
Spiraea japonica flower picture by J B (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Spiraea japonica fruit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Spiraea japonica fruit picture by korf (cc-by-sa)
Spiraea japonica fruit picture by Anneclaire peter (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Spiraea japonica world distribution map, present in Austria, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Canada, Switzerland, China, Germany, Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Korea (Republic of), Liechtenstein, Myanmar, New Zealand, Ukraine, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:742319-1
WFO ID wfo-0001008609
COL ID 4Z6KJ
BDTFX ID 65761
INPN ID 124646
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Spiraea japonica f. fortunei Spiraea japonica Spiraea japonica f. pubescens Spiraea pumila Spiraea bullata Spiraea albiflora Spiraea leucantha Spiraea x lemoinei Spiraea belloides Spiraea callosa Spiraea japonica var. angulata Spiraea japonica var. parvifolia Spiraea japonica var. mayebarai Spiraea japonica var. pubescens Spiraea callosa var. pubescens Spiraea japonica var. typica Spiraea japonica var. bullata Spiraea koreana var. rosea Spiraea japonica var. glabra Spiraea fritschiana var. angulata Spiraea japonica var. japonica Spiraea callosa var. albiflora Spiraea japonica var. tomentosa Spiraea koreana var. macrogyna Spiraea japonica subsp. glabra Spiraea japonica var. fortunei Spiraea japonica var. ovatifolia Spiraea callosa var. glabra

Lower taxons

Spiraea japonica f. albiflora Spiraea japonica var. fortunei Spiraea japonica var. acuminata Spiraea japonica var. pinnatifida