Spiraea prunifolia Siebold & Zucc.

Bridalwreath spirea (en), Spirée à feuilles de prunier (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Spiraea

Characteristics

Shrubs to 3 m. Branchlets red-brown, turning gray-brown to black-brown when old, slender, slightly angled, pubescent initially, later gradually glabrescent; buds ovoid, small, with several scales, glabrous, apex subobtuse or subacute. Petiole 2–4 mm, pubescent; leaf blade ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 1.5–3 × 0.7–1.4 cm, pubescent on both surfaces initially, later glabrescent adaxially or on both surfaces, or glabrous, pinnately veined, base cuneate, margin minutely sharply serrate from base or above middle to apex, or 1–4-serrate on each side near apex, apex acute. Umbels sessile, 2–3 × 1.5–3 cm, 3–6-flowered, with a few clustered leaves at base; pedicels 10–24 mm, pubescent; bracts leaflike, 4–7 × 3–5 mm, puberulous on both surfaces initially, finally glabrescent, apex indistinctly minutely serrate. Flowers single in wild plants, double in cultivated plants (var. prunifolia), to 1.2 cm in diam. Hypanthium campanulate, shorter than sepals, pubescent or glabrous abaxially. Sepals triangular or ovate-triangular, 1.5–2 mm, shorter than petals, apex acute. Petals white, obovate or suborbicular, longer than sepals, glabrous. Follicles glabrous, or pubescent along adaxial suture. Fl. Mar–May.
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Shrubs, 10–30 dm. Stems erect, ?virgate?, branched. Leaves: petiole 1–4 mm, ?pubescent?; blade usually ovate to elliptic, sometimes oblanceolate, 1–4(–5) × 1–2 cm, membranous, base obtuse, margins serrulate, usually from near base to apex, sometimes only distally from middle, rarely nearly entire with few teeth apically, venation pinnate cladodromous, secondary veins not prominent, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface lanate to glabrescent, adaxial glabrate. Inflorescences mostly axillary, usually hemispheric panicles, sometimes simple fascicles, ?3–6-flowered, sessile?, 2–3 × 1–3 cm; ?bractlets 3–7 × 3–5 mm?; branches pubescent. Pedicels 10–30 mm, pubescent. Flowers 5–15 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 1–1.2 mm, abaxial surface glabrous or sparsely hairy, adaxial glabrous; sepals ovate to ovate-triangular, 1–3 mm; petals white to cream, ?often with more than a single whorl of petals in most commonly escaped form?, ovate to obovate, 2–10 mm; staminodes 10–16, ?irregularly fused?; stamens 20–25, 0.5 times petal length. Follicles oblanceoloid, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous, ?adaxial suture sparsely hairy?. 2n = 18.
Shrub 2-3 m; lvs ovate or ovate-oblong, short-petioled, 2-4 cm, finely serrulate; umbels axillary, sessile or nearly so, with 3-6 white, commonly double fls 8-10 mm wide on pubescent pedicels 1-2 cm. Native of e. Asia, often escaped in our range. May. Two other cult. spp. and one hybrid that would key to S. prunifolia occasionally escape. S. thunbergii Siebold has lance-linear, sparsely serrate lvs and sessile or subsessile umbels with 3-6 fls on glabrous pedicels 1-1.5 cm. S. chamaedryfolia L. has ovate or ovate-oblong lvs with numerous sharp teeth, and peduncled dense corymbs of fls with exserted stamens, terminating leafy branches. S. ×vanhouttei (Briot) Zabel, the Bridal wreath, has rhombic-ovate to obovate lvs few-toothed above, and peduncled corymbs of fls with short stamens, terminating short leafy branches.
A small shrub or rounded bush. It grows 2 m high and spreads 2 m wide. It loses its leaves during the year. The leaves are egg shaped and have very small teeth. The leaves turn reddish-orange in autumn. The flowers are white and double. They are in clusters.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.75 - 2.25
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 2.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Thickets, slopes, rocks, steep dry cliffs, sunny places; also commonly cultivated; at elevations from near sea level to 1,500 metres. Stony and barren places in C. And S. Korea.
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It is a temperate plant. It suits hardiness zones 4-10. Arboretum Tasmania. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 4-8
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

CAUTION: Because the leaves contain hydrocyanic acid they should be cooked.
Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Cyanogenetic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 40
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -22
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Spiraea prunifolia flower picture by stayoutoftheforest (cc-by-sa)
Spiraea prunifolia flower picture by Carol C (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Spiraea prunifolia world distribution map, present in Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Korea (Republic of), Pakistan, Russian Federation, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:742467-1
WFO ID wfo-0001015318
COL ID 6ZBJK
BDTFX ID 81370
INPN ID 611562
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Spiraea pinnifolia Spiraea prunifolia Spiraea prunifolia var. florepleno Spiraea crenata var. folia-ovatis Spiraea crenata var. latioribus Spiraea thunbergii var. prunifolia Spiraea prunifolia var. plena Spiraea prunifolia var. prunifolia

Lower taxons

Spiraea prunifolia var. pseudoprunifolia Spiraea prunifolia var. hupehensis Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora