Erect, laxly tufted, with soft, stout and fleshy rhizomes, stoloniferous or stolons absent. Flowering culms 30–130 cm high. Leaves: ligule 2–3 mm long; blade persistent, flat or convolute, 10–45 cm long, 6–15 mm wide. Inflorescences less than half as long as plant; branches 2–12, longer than rachis, 8–25 cm long, with bristle at apex to 5 cm long, rigid and erect or spreading. Spikelets sessile, appressed to axis, overlapping, narrowly oblong, 13–21 mm long, usually 2.5–3 mm wide, with 1 (–2) bisexual florets. Glumes as long as spikelet, longer than lemma, linear to lanceolate, acute, firmly membranous to coriaceous with membranous margins, carinate, loosely to closely pubescent; upper glume 3–6-nerved. Lemma acute, coriaceous with membranous margins, pubescent; midnerve scabrous. Anthers (7–) 8–13 mm long, dehiscent, with fertile pollen.
Tidal mud-flats and swampy river floodplains, forming marshland; it has occupied previously unvegetated mudflats insome areas, and replaced the native White Mangrove (Avicennia marina var. resinifera) as the pioneer species onthe intertidal flats.
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Tidal mud flats and muddy shingle along the coast, sometimes extending into the water, and sometimes forming extensive colonies. It is found mainly in the region between the extent of the highest spring tides and the lowest (Neap) high tides.
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