Sporobolus coromandelianus (Retz.) Kunth

Sporobole (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Sporobolus

Characteristics

Ephemerals, geniculate, caespitose. Flowering culms to 30 cm high. Leaves: basal leaf sheath margins ciliate (with rigid hairs to 1 mm long); ligule a fringe of hairs (densely ciliate), 0.35–1 mm long; blade flat, linear, 6–11 cm long, 4–5 mm wide, with scabrous margins. Inflorescences paniculate, somewhat contracted with spikelets in apical groups, to 5 cm long; primary branches whorled at the lowermost panicle node and at all branches except terminally, equalling or longer than adjacent internodes, spreading, without spikelets in the lower quarter, with spikelets loosely spaced and fairly even. Spikelets subsessile or pedicellate, 1.2–1.6 mm long; pedicel 0.6–1.1 mm long. Glumes: lower glume elliptic, 0.3–0.5 mm long, obtuse, without nerves; upper glume lanceolate, ±equalling spikelet, 1.1–1.6 mm long. Lemma ovate, 1.2–1.6 mm long, acute or obtuse, 1–3-nerved. Palea subequal to lemma, entire. Anthers 3, to 0.3 mm long. Grain obovate, quadrangular, 0.7–0.9 mm long, to 0.6 mm wide, to 0.4 mm thick, smooth, pale brown. Embryo c. half as long as grain.
More
Annual. Culms loosely tufted, slender, ascending, 10–35 cm tall, branched. Leaf blades linear, flat, 3–10 × 0.2–0.5 cm, scaberulous, often with long scattered bristles, margins thickened, scabrid, sometimes with a few bristles but not pectinate, apex acute; ligule 0.4–1 mm. Panicle ovate, 2–7 cm; lowest primary branches whorled, succeeding branches subwhorled, lower 1/3–1/2 bare, a linear glandular patch on bare portion, spikelets borne on short 2–4-spiculate branchlets or directly on primary branches. Spikelets gray, narrowly elliptic, 1–1.7 mm, usually scaberulous; lower glume ovate, 0.2–0.4 mm, veinless, obtuse; upper glume elliptic, as long as spikelet, 1-veined, acute; lemma elliptic, slightly shorter than upper glume, 1-veined, acute. Anthers 3, 0.2–0.4 mm. Grain obovate, 0.7–0.8 mm, apex rounded. 2n = 24, 36.
Tufted annual; culms 7–20 cm. high, erect or ascending.. Leaf-blades broadly linear, 2–10 cm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, the margins scabrid or with a few long stiff hairs near the base.. Panicle ovate, 2–8 cm. long; primary branches in whorls, spreading horizontally soon after emergence from the uppermost leaf-sheath.. Spikelets 1–1.4 mm. long, glabrous or scaberulous, greyish green; lower glume a little oblong scale, 0.1–0.5 mm. long; upper glume oblong-elliptic, as long as the spikelet; lemma similar, but a little shorter; anthers 3, 0.2–0.3 mm. long.. Grain obovate, 0.7–0.8 mm. long.
Tufted annual 100-340 mm high. Leaf blade 20-100 mm x 2-4 mm. Inflorescence with all branches whorled; central axis and branches with viscid patches that are more than 3 x longer than wide. Spikelet 1.0-1.5 mm long; glumes unequal; lower glume 1/4-1/3 as long as spikelet, 0.1-0.5 mm long, oblong, apex obtuse; upper glume as long as spikelet, apex acute; lemma as long as spikelet, oblong-elliptic; anther 0.30-0.50(0.65) mm long.
Caespitose annual; culms up to 25 cm tall, erect or ascending, branched or unbranched; leaf sheaths chartaceous, usually glabrous, sometimes with tubercle-based hairs near the margins above, lightly compressed; leaf laminas 2–10 cm × 2–4 mm, flat, glabrous or scattered tuberculate-pilose on the surface, scabrid on the margins or with a few long stiff tubercle-based hairs below, acute or subacute at the apex.
Spikelets (1)1.2–1.4(1.6) mm long, greyish-green; inferior glume 1/4–1/3 the length of the spikelet, oblong, nerveless, glabrous, obtuse at the apex; superior glume as long as the spikelet, oblong-elliptic, 1-nerved, glabrous to scaberulous or minutely asperulous, acute at the apex; lemma as long as the spikelet or almost so, oblong-elliptic; anthers 3, (0.2)0.3–0.55 mm long.
Annual; up to 0.34 m high; tufted. Leaf blades 20-100 x 2-4 mm. Flowers: panicle with lowest branches in a single whorl; central axis and branches with viscid patches > 3 x longer than wide; spikelets 1.0-1.5 mm long; lower glume oblong; 0.1-0.5 mm long; < 1/3 spikelet length; upper glume as long as spikelet.
Panicle 2–8 cm long, ovate; branches in a succession of whorls, smooth, with numerous elongated viscid glandular patches, the spikelets 2–3 on secondary branchlets, these ± confined to the distal part of the primary branches.
Grain obovate, 0.7–0.8 mm long, terete or lightly laterally compressed.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Usually grows in disturbed sites, pasture areas, grassland and woodland, in clay to sandy soils; often collected as a weed of gardens and roadsides; appears to be spreading. It was collected from an outwash pan/scald of an intermittently inundated wetland near Dthinna Dthinnawan Nature Reserve in New South Wales.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 1-2
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Sporobolus coromandelianus world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Angola, Australia, Bangladesh, Botswana, China, Djibouti, Eritrea, Indonesia, Kenya, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mauritius, Namibia, Oman, Pakistan, Réunion, Sudan, Somalia, Thailand, Yemen, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169686-3
WFO ID wfo-0000901069
COL ID 4ZCH7
BDTFX ID 121962
INPN ID 788911
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Agrostis coromandeliana Sporobolus coromandelianus Sporobolus javensis Sporobolus parvulus Vilfa commutata Vilfa discospora Vilfa roxburghii Sporobolus commutatus Vilfa coromandelina Vilfa roxburghiana Vilfa roxburghiana Sporobolus violascens Agrostis rura