Sporobolus fertilis (Steud.) Clayton

Sporobole des Indes (fr), Sporobole fertile (fr), Sporobole tenace (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Sporobolus

Characteristics

Perennials, erect, caespitose. Flowering culms 80–160 cm high. Leaves: basal leaf sheath margins glabrous; ligule a ciliate membrane, 0.2–0.3 mm long; blade flat or folded, linear, 14–50 cm long, 1.5–5 mm wide, with smooth margins. Inflorescences of spicate main branches or paniculate (at base), linear, contracted and spiciform, 25–50 cm long; primary branches solitary, equalling or longer than adjacent internodes, usually appressed in upper half of inflorescence, spikelet-bearing throughout, with spikelets loosely spaced and fairly even. Spikelets pedicellate, 1.6–2 mm long; pedicel 0.3–1 mm long. Glumes lanceolate; lower glume 0.5–0.8 mm long, obtuse to truncate, without nerves; upper glume at least half spikelet length, 0.8–1.3 mm long. Lemma elliptic, 1.6–2 mm long, acute or obtuse, 1–3-nerved. Palea subequal to lemma, entire. Anthers 2 or 3, 0.7–1 mm long. Grain oblong, quadrangular, 0.8–1 mm long, 0.5–0.75 mm wide, to 0.4 mm thick, reticulate, brown. Embryo less than half as long as grain.
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Perennial. Culms densely tufted, erect, rigid, 25–100(–120) cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous but margin ciliolate, basal sheaths papery, lightly keeled; leaf blades linear, flat or involute, 15–50(–65) × 0.2–0.5 cm, glabrous or adaxial surface thinly pilose, tapering to a long filiform apex; ligule ca. 0.5 mm. Panicle linear, contracted to spikelike, often interrupted especially at base, 7–45 × 0.5–1.5 cm; branches 1–2.5(–5) cm, erect and appressed to main axis, or looser and narrowly ascending, densely spiculate throughout. Spikelets grayish or yellowish green, 1.7–2 mm; lower glume oblong, ca. 0.5 mm, veinless, apex truncate-erose; upper glume oblong-elliptic, 1/2–2/3 spikelet length, 1-veined, ± acute; lemma ovate, as long as spikelet, indistinctly 1(–3)-veined, acute. Anthers 3, 0.8–1 mm. Grain red-brown, obovate-elliptic, 0.9–1.2 mm, distinctly shorter than its lemma and palea, these gaping widely beyond its top, apex truncate. Fl. and fr. Mar–Dec. 2n = 36, 48, 54.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.8 - 1.6
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Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

A serious weed of pastures and roadsides.
Light -
Soil humidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
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Images

Sporobolus fertilis unspecified picture

Distribution

Sporobolus fertilis world distribution map, present in Andorra, Australia, Bangladesh, China, Cook Islands, Fiji, Indonesia, Japan, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Thailand, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, Viet Nam, and Wallis and Futuna

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:422721-1
WFO ID wfo-0000901129
COL ID 4ZCJL
BDTFX ID 65833
INPN ID 124716
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sporobolus indicus f. spiciformis Agrostis fertilis Cinna japonica Sporobolus fertilis Sporobolus diandrus var. major Sporobolus elongatus var. purpureosuffusus Sporobolus fertilis var. purpureasuffusus Sporobolus indicus subsp. pallidior Sporobolus indicus subsp. purpureosuffusus Sporobolus indicus var. fertilis Sporobolus indicus var. major Sporobolus indicus var. pallidior Sporobolus indicus var. purpureosuffusus Sporobolus fertilis var. fertilis Sporobolus fertilis var. pallidiorus