Stenotaphrum dimidiatum (L.) Brongn.

Pemba grass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Stenotaphrum

Characteristics

Perennial, 60-400 mm high; extensively stoloniferous, forming dense swards; sheaths strongly flattened, often grouped in fan-shaped arrangements. Leaf blade 50-80 x 8-12 mm, folded when young, keeled, obtuse to rounded at apex; ligule a fringed membrane. Inflorescence spike-like, compact, compressed, central axis thickened, corky, flat on one side, hollowed out on other, each cavity is borne alternately on either side of a wavy, winged midrib, wing at edge of cavity formed into a broad acute tooth (at least on upper part of inflorescence); racemes short, of 3-7 spikelets, ending in a narrow, sharp, naked projection. Spikelet 4-5 mm long, dorsiventrally compressed, awnless; glumes very unequal, dissimilar; lower glume 1.0-1.5 mm long, shorter than spikelet, nerveless, obtuse; upper glume 4-5 mm long, as long as spikelet, 7-9-nerved, acute or acuminate. Florets 2; lower floret male or sterile; lemma 5-7-nerved, broadly convex or flat on back, palea acuminate; upper floret bisexual, lemma not hardened, 5-nerved; anther 1.7-2.2 mm long. Flowering time Oct.-May.
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Perennial 60-400 mm high; extensively stoloniferous, forming dense swards; sheaths strongly flattened, often grouped in fan-shaped arrangements. Leaf blade 50-80 x 8-12 mm, folded when young, keeled, obtuse and rounded at apex. Inflorescence spike-like, compact, compressed, central axis thickened, not corky, flat on one side, hollowed out on the other, each cavity is borne alternately on either side of a wavy, winged midrib, wing at the edge of the cavity is formed into a broad acute tooth (at least on upper part of the inflorescence); racemes short, ending in a narrow, sharp, naked projection, 3-7 spikelets per raceme. Spikelet 4-5 mm; lower glume 1.0-1.5 mm long, shorter than spikelet, nerveless, obtuse; upper glume 4-5 mm long, as long as spikelet, 7-9-nerved, acute or acuminate; lower lemma 4-5 mm long, 5-7-nerved, broadly convex or flat on back; upper lemma not hardened, 5-nerved; lower palea acuminate; anthers 1.7-2.2 mm long.
A herb. It is an erect grass that continues to grow from year to year. It forms mats and has runners. The stalks are 10-30 cm long. The leaf blades are 5-20 cm long by 5-12 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.06 - 0.4
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It can grow in dry and salty soils. It grows above 10 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity 10-12
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use food medicinal
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use Diuretic (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Stenotaphrum dimidiatum leaf picture by Matthieu Gebus (cc-by-sa)
Stenotaphrum dimidiatum leaf picture by Augustin Soulard (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Stenotaphrum dimidiatum flower picture by Matthieu Gebus (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Stenotaphrum dimidiatum world distribution map, present in Benin, Bangladesh, Comoros, Algeria, Ghana, Indonesia, Kenya, Madagascar, Maldives, Mozambique, Mauritius, Réunion, Seychelles, Thailand, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Viet Nam, Vanuatu, Samoa, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76381-3
WFO ID wfo-0000901619
COL ID 525TP
BDTFX ID 66344
INPN ID 125105
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Stenotaphrum glabrum Stenotaphrum madagascariense Panicum dimidiatum Stenotaphrum koenigii Stenotaphrum swartzianum Stenotaphrum complanatum Rottboellia complanata Rottboellia dimidiata Stenotaphrum glabrum var. multiflorum Stenotaphrum dimidiatum