Streblus ilicifolius (S.Vidal) Corner

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Streblus

Characteristics

Shrub or tree up to 10(-20) m tall, much-branched, often with up to 4.5 cm long lateral (or terminal) thorns, dioecious. Leafy twigs 1-3 mm thick, brownish to whitish puberulous, usually unilaterally only or more densely (or glabrous). Leaves distichous; lamina elliptic to suborbicular to ovate or to obovate, 4-25 by 2-10.5 cm, coriaceous, apex acuminate to acute, acumen spinulose, usually with 3 teeth, base rounded to cuneate, margin spinulose-dentate or entire; upper and lower surface glabrous; midrib prominent above, lateral veins 8-12 pairs, tertiary venation largely parallel to the lateral veins; petiole 0.2-1 cm long, whitish puberulous adaxially (hairy round about or glabrous); stipules 0.3-0.8 cm long, free or basally connate, (sub)glabrous, caducous; terminal bud aculeate in dry material. Staminate inflorescences axillary, solitary (or in pairs), spicate; peduncle c. 0.1 cm long, sparsely minutely puberulous; spike 1-5 cm long; flowers numerous; perianth 1-1.2 mm long, minutely puberulous; stamens 2-2.5 mm long, anthers 0.6-0.8 mm long; bracts basally attached, 0.3-1.3 mm long, sparsely minutely puberulous. Pistillate inflorescences axillary, solitary, (sub)racemose or uniflorous; peduncle 0.3-1.5 cm long, minutely puberulous; flowers 1-3(-15); pedicel 2-8 mm long, minutely puberulous; tepals 1-2 mm long, ciliolate, in fruit the outer ones up to 3 mm long, the inner ones up to 10 mm long; ovary 1-1.5 mm long, style 0.5-1 mm long, stigmas 2-3.5 mm long; bracts basally attached, 0.3-0.5 mm long, ciliolate. Drupe 1-1.3 cm long, dehiscent, whitish; endocarp body subglobose to ellipsoid, 0.6-0.8 cm long.
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Trees or shrubs; dioecious. Bark grayish white, smooth. Branchlets angular; spines straight, 1-1.5(-4.5) cm. Stipules tapered, ca. 5 mm. Petiole ca. 4 mm; leaf blade rhombic to oblong-obovate, 1-4.5(-9) × 0.6-2.5(-5) cm, thickly leathery, abaxially with cystoliths, adaxially glabrous and shiny, base cuneate to decurrent, margin loosely revolute with 5 or fewer spiny teeth, apex acute, blunt, or retuse, with two spiny teeth; midvein conspicuous on both surfaces and abaxially prominent, secondary veins pinnate, abaxially inconspicuous, and adaxially slightly depressed. Bisexual inflorescences absent. Male inflorescences axillary, spicate, 0.5-1.2(-5) cm; bracts conspicuous, imbricate, margin dark. Female inflorescences shortly spicate, 2-6-flowered. Male flowers: shortly pedicellate; calyx lobes 4, ± orbicular, margin inflexed and ciliate; pistillode 3-5-branched. Female flowers: calyx lobes 4, outer 2 smaller; ovary oblique. Drupes on brachyblasts, oblate, ca. 1 cm in diam., with persistent bracts, half enclosed by persistent calyx lobes. Fl. Apr, fr. May-Jun.
A small tree. It grows 10 m tall. The bark is greyish-white and smooth. The small branches are angular and have spines. These are 1-2 cm long. The leaves are oval and 1-5 cm long by up to 3 cm wide. The edges can curve back and have spiny teeth. The ripe fruit are black. They are 1 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in limestone areas. It grows between 100-500 m above sea level in southern China.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The flesh of the ripe fruit are eaten raw or cooked.
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UsesThe timber is valuable.
Uses food material timber
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds and stem cuttings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Streblus ilicifolius leaf picture by Blue Bottle (cc-by-sa)
Streblus ilicifolius leaf picture by Blue Bottle (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Streblus ilicifolius world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, China, Spain, Hong Kong, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Italy, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Thailand, Timor-Leste, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Streblus ilicifolius threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584637-1
WFO ID wfo-0001235861
COL ID 7X23M
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Streblus laxiflorus Taxotrophis laxiflora Taxotrophis eberhardtii Taxotrophis ilicifolius Pseudotrophis laxiflora Taxotrophis obtusa Taxotrophis triapiculata Taxotrophis aquifolioides Taxotrophis longispina Balanostreblus ilicifolia Taxotrophis ilicifolia Streblus ilicifolius