Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze

Asiatic witchweed (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Orobanchaceae > Striga

Characteristics

Plant annual, up to 40 cm tall, stiffly erect, usually branched from middle, scabrous, hispid, stem obtusely square. Leaves (10-)20-50 x 1-3 mm, linear or narrowly elliptic, opposite, longer than internodes, margin entire, veins obscure. Lower bracts 15-35(-50) x 1-3 mm, leaf-like, upper bracts lanceolate, all bracts longer than calyx. Flowers alternate in lax terminal racemes, raceme longer than vegetative stem. Calyx 10-ribbed, 7-9 mm long; tube 5-7 mm long; lobes 5, equal, or 6 to 8 unequal, narrowly lanceolate, < 1/2 tube length. Corolla red with yellow throat, occasionally yellow, tube 11-14 mm long, bent and expanded distally above calyx, sparsely to densely pubescent; lobes of lower lip 3-5 x 2-3 mm, obovate, spreading, upper lip 3 x 3-4(-7) mm, emarginate, wider than long.
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Annual herb, parasite, 0.05-0.45 m high; stem erect, branched, scabrid, hispid. Leaves (8-)16 x 1 mm, alternate or opposite, linear, entire, apex obtuse, scabrid. Inflorescence a terminal spike; flowers opposite or alternate. Bracts linear, longer than calyx. Calyx 6 x 2.5 mm, scarious between ribs, scabridly hairy on ribs and teeth. Corolla scarlet internally, yellow externally, glabrous or puberulous; tube bent in upper part near limb; lobes obovate, upper lobe emarginate, lower lobes spreading. Ovary with persistent style; stigma with white pollen. Flowering time Jan., Feb.
Annuals, 10-20(-30) cm tall, entirely hirsute. Stems erect, 1, rarely branched. Leaf blade linear to narrowly lanceolate, 5-20 X 1-4 mm, sometimes reduced to scales. Flowers axillary, solitary or in a spike upward. Calyx 4-8 mm, 10-ribbed; lobes 5, as long as tube, subulate. Corolla usually yellow, rarely red or white; tube 0.8-1.5 cm, apically strongly curved; upper lip 2-lobed. Capsule ovoid, enveloped in persistent calyx. Fl. autumn.
Annual, hemiparasitic herb, up to 0.3 m high; hispidulous-scabrid. Stems harshly pubescent. Leaves with blade linear, ± 20 x 3 mm. Flowers: alternate, 2 or 3 out at a time, in slender spikes; calyx with 10 or more ribs (nerves), at least 1 between each calyx tooth; corolla tube minutely glandular-puberulous outside, upper lip much shorter than lower, red; Dec.-May.
A small herb that grows attached to other plants. It grows 10-15 cm high. It has lines of hairs along it. The leaves are small and narrow or like scales. They are 1 cm long by 1-2 mm wide. The flowers are golden, red or white. They occur singly in the axils of leaves.
Corolla scarlet within, yellowish without, rarely all yellow, 13 mm. long; tube bent in upper part near limb, whole limb positioned at right angles to tube; upper lobe emarginate, 4 mm. wide, lower lobes spreading 4 x 1.5 mm.
Semiparasitic herb, up to 300 mm tall, hispidulous-scabrid. Leaves linear. Spikes very slender. Corolla tube minutely glandular-puberulous outside upper lip much shorter than lower. Flowers red.
Sparsely branched herb, stems 15–20 cm. tall, branching from above the middle, densely hispid, square in cross section.
Flowers opposite or alternate, only 2 flowers open at a time per inflorescence branch.
Bracts 9–12 mm. long, longer than calyx; bracteoles 2 mm. long or less.
Style persistent, usually with white pollen mass on the stigma.
Calyx 6 mm. long, including teeth (teeth 2 mm.), 2.5 mm. wide.
Leaves ascending, 8–16 mm. long, less than 1 mm. wide.
Capsule 7 x 2 mm.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.23 - 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A parasitic plant, growing on several leguminous species and especially as a weed of cultivated crops, favouring light, sandy soils.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows on exposed grassy slopes. It can grow as a parasite on corn and sugarcane. In Yunnan.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The whole plant is gathered and used for tea. It is also cooked with pork for soup.
Uses animal food dye material medicinal poison social use tea
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Apertif (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (unspecified), Antifungal agents (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (unspecified), Hematologic diseases (unspecified), Urination disorders (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Striga asiatica habit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Striga asiatica leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Striga asiatica flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Striga asiatica flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Striga asiatica flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Striga asiatica world distribution map, present in Angola, French Southern Territories, Australia, Burundi, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Botswana, Central African Republic, China, Cameroon, Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Guinea, India, Kenya, Cambodia, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Lesotho, Madagascar, Maldives, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malawi, Malaysia, Mayotte, Namibia, Nigeria, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Singapore, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, eSwatini, Seychelles, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:809994-1
WFO ID wfo-0001136610
COL ID 52ZJH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706841
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Striga zangebarica Striga pusilla Striga hirsuta Striga phoenicea Striga parvula Buchnera asiatica Campuleia coccinea Striga lutea Striga coccinea Striga eustriga Buchnera aquatica Buchnera coccinea Striga lutea var. bicolor Striga hirsuta var. humilis Striga asiatica var. humilis Striga asiatica var. asiatica Striga asiatica