Strophanthus hispidus Dc.

Hispid strophanthus (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Strophanthus

Characteristics

Sarmentose shrub 1.5–5 m high or liana to 100 m long; deciduous; trunk with dark grey bark; branches dark brown or blackish, lenticellate; branchlets reddish brown, densely hispid; latex clear, reddish or white.. Leaves opposite or rarely ternate, petiolate, blade glossy green above, dull and paler beneath, ovate, elliptic or obovate, 3–15 cm long, 1.5–8 cm wide, base rounded or subcordate, apex acuminate, sparsely to densely hispid; petiole 1–5 mm long.. Inflorescence terminal or in forks, 1–72-flowered, sessile or pedunclate, lax or congested, hispid in all parts; pedicel 5–32 mm long.. Flowers with sepals unequal, the outer ovate, the inner linear, 13–35 mm long, acute; corolla tube white, turning yellow and then orange, red-to purple-spotted inside, 11–22 mm long, corolla lobes creamy turning orange, ovate, 3–10 mm long, 3–8 mm wide, narrowing into 15–23 cm long pendulous tails, these yellow, turning reddish distally, corona lobes yellow to purple-spotted, 1–3 mm long.. Fruit dark brown, hard, with mericarps opposite-divergent or at an obtuse angle, almost cylindrical, 24–48 cm long, long-tapering and abruptly widening into a terminal knob, lenticellate, sulcate and hispid to glabrescent; seed 10–18 mm long, with a stalked coma 5–12 cm long.
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Lianas or stolon-bearing shrubs when cut, to 5 m tall, densely hispid; latex clear, reddish or white. Petiole 1-5 mm; leaf blade ovate to obovate, 3-22 X 1.5-12 cm, base rounded or subcordate; lateral veins 6-11 pairs. Cymes 3-72-flowered. Sepals ovate, inner ones often linear, 1.3-3.5 cm. Corolla yellow, tube 1-2.2 cm; lobes including tails 15-22.5 cm, proximal part ovate, tail pendulous, puberulent on both sides, to 1 mm wide; corona lobes yellow spotted with red, purple, or brown, tongue-shaped. Anthers included, glabrous. Ovary hispid. Style to 1.2 cm. Follicles very narrowly oblong, to 54 3 cm, densely lenticellate. Seeds narrowly ellipsoid, beak 2.3-7.7 cm, coma to 5 cm. Fl. Feb-Apr, fr. Jun-Dec. 2n = 18.
A shrub or creeper. It has runners or stolons. It can grow 5 m tall. The leaves are 3-22 cm long by 1.5-12 cm wide. The base is rounded or almost heart shaped. There are between 3-72 flowers in a group. They are yellow. The fruit is woody and 30-45 cm long and 1.3 cm wide.
Long-caudate white flowers turning to yellow, spotted red or brown inside
Fruit woody, 12-18 in. long and about 1/2 in. thick.
A coarsely hairy climbing shrub
Sometimes cultivated.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Primary and secondary moist forest, or in woodland on rocky outcrops or in thickets, at elevations from sea-level up to 1,600 metres.
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It is a tropical plant.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

Young leaves are used to make a sauce but it should be treated with caution.
Uses environmental use food gene source material medicinal poison social use
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Heart (unspecified), Poison(Arrow) (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Strophanthus hispidus habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Strophanthus hispidus world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Uganda

Conservation status

Strophanthus hispidus threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:81900-1
WFO ID wfo-0000317285
COL ID 6ZYP2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Strophanthus bariba Strophanthus hirtus Strophanthus niger Strophanthus tchabe Strophanthus thierryanus Strophanthus hispidus