Strophanthus welwitschii K.Schum.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Strophanthus

Characteristics

Sarmentose shrub or small tree, 0.6–5 m high, or liana to 8 m long, deciduous; trunk to 10(–40?) cm diameter, bark dark brown or grey; branchlets minutely puberulous; latex white or clear.. Leaves opposite, or in some branches ternate to quaternate; blade ovate, narrowly elliptic or rarely slightly obovate, to 8.5 cm long, to 4 cm wide, base cuneate or rounded, margins slightly revolute, apex rounded, acute or acuminate, glabrous or sparsely puberulous; petiole 1–5 mm long.. Inflorescence 1–5-flowered, sessile or pedunculate, glabrous or puberulous in its parts; pedicels 3–17 mm long.. Flowers fragrant; sepals (narrowly) ovate, 5–19 mm long, acute; corolla tube white to pink proximally, reddish purple distally, creamy and streaked with red inside, 13–38 mm long, corolla lobes white to pale pink but much darker on one side, narrowly triangular, 10–48 mm long, 8–29 mm wide, acute, not tailed, corona lobes 5–23 mm long.. Fruit dark-or purple-brown, hard, the mericarps ± opposite-divergent, narrowly ellipsoid, 10–34 cm long, 1–2.5 cm in diameter, tapering and ending in an obtuse point or small knob, lenticellate, glabrous; seeds 8–20 mm long, densely pubescent, with a stalked coma 5–15 cm long.
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Leaves petiolate opposite or rarely in some branches ternate or quaternate; petiole 1–5 mm. long, lamina dull and medium or dark green above, pale yellowish-or whitish-green beneath, ovate, narrowly elliptic, or rarely slightly obovate, 1·2–4 (on long shoots up to 6) times as long as wide, mature leaves up to 8·5 x 4·2 cm., cuneate or nearly rounded at the base, rounded, acute, or acuminate at the apex (acumen up to 8 mm. long), slightly revolute at the margin and there often reddish beneath, thinly coriaceous, glabrous or sparsely puberulous, especially on the midrib and near the margins, with 3–8(10) pairs of secondary veins; tertiary venation sometimes conspicuous beneath.
Corolla tube (13·5)17–38 mm. long and widening gradually at 1/5–2/5 of its length into a cyathiform upper part, at the mouth (11)15–27(–37) mm. wide, puberulous outside near the base, minutely pubescent or puberulous inside; corona lobes narrowly triangular, 5–23 x 1·5–5 mm., minutely papillose or puberulous; corolla lobes spreading or recurved, ovate, (10)14–38(48) x (7·5)10-24(29) mm., acute, minutely puberulous inside.
Follicles divergent at an angle of 160-240°, long-tapering towards a narrow apex and ending in an obtuse point, or rarely in a small knob, with the extreme apex sometimes curved inwards, 10·5–33·5 cm. long and 1–2·5 cm. in diam.; exocarp dark brown or purple-brown, thick and hard, glabrous, densely lenticellate.
Sepals erect or with the upper half recurved, subequal, ovate or narrowly ovate, 5–19 x 2–5·5(7) mm., acute, puberulous near the base or less often glabrous or puberulous all over.
Inflorescence 1–2(5)-flowered, sessile or pedunculate, glabrous or puberulous; pedicels 3–9(17) mm. long; bracts linear or narrowly ovate, subscarious.
Stamens included for 2–12 mm.; filaments straight or nearly so, 3–5·5 mm. long; anthers 5–8·2 x 1·2–1·9(2·5) mm., glabrous; acumen 0·2–1·7 mm. long.
Seeds with grain 8·5–19·5 x 2·5–4 x 1 mm., densely pubescent; rostrum glabrous for 17–54 mm., and bearing a coma for 22–55 mm., coma 32–95 mm. long.
Ovary 0·9–2·5 x 1·4–2·9 mm., glabrous; style 8–14·5 mm., long; clavuncula (1·3)2–3·1 x 1·5–2·3 mm.; stigma minute.
Sarmentose shrub or small tree, 0·60–5 m. high, or liana, up to 8 m. high, deciduous; latex clear or white.
Trunk up to 10(40) cm. in diam., dark brown or grey; branchlets minutely puberulous.
Flowers fragrant.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Woodland, often in rocky localities and gallery forest, at elevations from 300-1,800 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Strophanthus welwitschii unspecified picture

Distribution

Strophanthus welwitschii world distribution map, present in Angola, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Zambia

Conservation status

Strophanthus welwitschii threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:81965-1
WFO ID wfo-0000317358
COL ID 535GR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Strophanthus ecaudatus Strophanthus gilletii Strophanthus katangensis Strophanthus parvifolius Strophanthus verdickii Zygonerion welwitschii Strophanthus welwitschii