Styrax japonicus Siebold & Zucc.

Japanese snowbell (en), Styrax du japon (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Styracaceae > Styrax

Characteristics

Shrubs or small trees, 4--8(--10) m tall. Branchlets purple, slightly flattened, becoming terete. Leaves alternate; petiole 5--10 mm; leaf blade elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or ovate-elliptic, 4--10 X 2--5(--6) cm, papery to almost leathery, glabrous except for veins or vein axils, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, margin entire or apically remotely serrate, apex acute to shortly acuminate, secondary veins 5--7 pairs, tertiary veins reticulate, conspicuously raised on both surfaces, and sparsely stellate pubescent. Racemes terminal, 5--8 cm, 5--8-flowered. Pedicel slender, 2.5--3.5 cm, glabrous or sparsely stellate pubescent. Flowers 2--2.8(--3) cm, slightly pendulous. Calyx 4--5 X 3--5 mm, membranous, glabrous or sparsely stellate pubescent, teeth irregular. Corolla tube 3--5 mm; lobes ovate, obovate, or elliptic, 1.6--2.5 X 5--7(--9) mm. Stamens shorter than corolla; filaments slightly expanded, apical free parts white villose. Fruit ovoid, 0.8--1.4 X 0.8--1 cm, irregularly rugose, densely gray stellate tomentose, apex shortly pointed. Seeds brown, conspicuously rugose. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Sep-Dec.
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Shrubs or small trees, to 8(-10) m, not suckering from roots. Leaves: petiole (2-)4-7(-10) mm; blade with 5-8 secondary veins, oblong-elliptic, ovate-elliptic, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, or subrhombic, 3-11 × 2-5(-7) cm, margins of at least some leaves apically remotely serrate, longest arms of abaxial hairs to 0.6 mm. False-terminal inflorescences 2-5-flowered, 1-4 cm; axillary flowers present on at least some shoots (subtending leaves often reduced). Pedicels 15-50 mm, longer than calyx. Flowers: calyx 4-7 × 3-5 mm; corolla (8-)10-16(-23) mm, tube 3-5 mm, lobes 5(-6), imbricate in bud, slightly reflexed, ovate, oblong-ovate, obovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 11-20 × (3-)5-7(-9) mm; filaments distinct beyond adnation to corolla. Capsules ovoid or ellipsoid, 8-15 × 8-10 mm (broader when 2-3-seeded), gray or grayish yellow stellate-pubescent, dehiscent from distal or proximal end, broadly exposing seed(s); fruit wall 0.4-1 mm thick. 2n = ca. 40.
A loose open shrub or small tree. It grows 9 m tall and spreads 2.7 m wide. The mature bark is dull grey often with orange cracks. It loses its leaves during winter. The leaves are alternate. The leaves are pear shaped and taper at both ends. They are 10 cm long by 5 cm wide. There are a few small teeth along the edge. They are dark green but silvery white underneath. The leaves turn red or yellow in autumn. The flowers are long and bell-shaped. They are 1.5 cm long. They droop in clusters under the fan like branches. The flowers are white. The fruit is round or egg shaped and grey and like a berry. It is 1.5 cm long and has one seed.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.7
Mature height (meter) 6.0 - 8.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is native to China, Japan and Korea. It is frost hardy. It does best in sunny locations and in rich moist soil. It suits hardiness zones 5-9. Melbourne Botanical gardens. In Sichuan and Yunnan. Arboretum Tasmania.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal poison
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, graftings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings graftings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Styrax japonicus flower picture by alcedo (cc-by-sa)
Styrax japonicus flower picture by bill Dinner (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Styrax japonicus world distribution map, present in Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), and United States of America

Conservation status

Styrax japonicus threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:826818-1
WFO ID wfo-0000492190
COL ID 53C69
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Styrax philippinensis Styrax japonicus Styrax seminatus Cyrta japonica Styrax bodinieri Styrax grandiflorus Styrax duclouxii Styrax touchanensis Styrax cavalerieri Styrax kotoensis Styrax japonicus f. angustifolius Styrax japonicus f. jippei-kawakamii Styrax japonicus f. pendulus Styrax japonicus f. rubicalyx Styrax japonicus f. tomentosus Styrax japonicus f. zigzag Styrax jippei-kawamurae Styrax japonicus var. tomentosus Styrax japonicus var. japonicus Styrax hookeri var. yunnanensis Styrax japonicus var. kotoensis Styrax japonicus var. angustifolius Styrax japonicus var. calycothrix Styrax japonicus var. iriomotensis Styrax japonicus var. jippei-kawamurae Styrax japonicus var. longipedunculatus Styrax japonicus var. nervillosus Styrax japonicus var. parviflorus Styrax japonicus var. zigzag