Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.

West indies mahogany (en), Mahogani petites feuilles (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Meliaceae > Swietenia

Characteristics

Trees to 25 m tall, to 4 m d.b.h., base buttressed. Bark slightly red, scalelike. Branches gray, expanding, smooth. Leaves alternate, ca. 35 cm; petiole 3-6 mm, thin, glabrous, base slightly swelling; leaflets 8-12; leaflet blades ovate to lanceolate, 10-16 × 4-6 cm, leathery, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, abaxially light green, adaxially dark green, secondary veins 10 on each side of midvein, base oblique, margin entire or with 1 or 2 serrations, apex long acuminate. Thyrses axillary, 6-15 cm, glabrous, with short and lax branchlets. Flowers small. Pedicel ca. 3 mm. Calyx cup-shaped, 5-lobed; lobes short and truncate, apex rounded. Petals greenish white, obovate, 3-4 mm, glabrous. Staminal tube subcylindric, glabrous; anthers 10. Disk annular. Ovary conic to ovoid, longer than disk, with 12 ovules per locule; style longer than ovary, glabrous; stigma disciform. Capsule brown, ovoid, ca. 8 cm in diam., many seeded. Seeds apically winged, ca. 7 cm including wing. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Oct-Nov.
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Similar to S. macrophylla but leaves 2–4-jugate, leaflets c 3.5 cm long; thyrse to 5 cm; fruit smaller.
Tall tree with smaller, more attenuate leaflets and smaller fruits than S. macrophylla.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality -
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 23.5 - 25.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.9
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Pastures, along the sides of roads, rare in natural woodland.
Light 5-7
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 5-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

Uses afforestation charcoal coffee substitute dye environmental use food fuel material medicinal oil poison timber wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use Antipyretics (bark), Astringents (bark), HIV-1 (bark), Antihypertensive agents (seed), Diabetes mellitus (seed), Malaria (seed), Abortifacient (unspecified), Apertif (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Debility (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Antiseptic (unspecified), Tuberculosis (unspecified), Anemia (unspecified), Aphrodisiac (unspecified), Atony (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Insect repellents (wood)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Swietenia mahagoni leaf picture by Thomas Mitchell (cc-by-sa)
Swietenia mahagoni leaf picture by Jesús Cedeño (cc-by-sa)
Swietenia mahagoni leaf picture by steve_brx (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Swietenia mahagoni fruit picture by claire rascle (cc-by-sa)
Swietenia mahagoni fruit picture by claire rascle (cc-by-sa)
Swietenia mahagoni fruit picture by k sullivan (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Swietenia mahagoni world distribution map, present in Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Brazil, Barbados, China, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Guadeloupe, Grenada, Guam, Honduras, India, Jamaica, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Mozambique, Montserrat, Martinique, Mauritius, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Réunion, Singapore, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, and South Africa

Conservation status

Swietenia mahagoni threat status: Near Threatened

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1080203-2
WFO ID wfo-0000505130
COL ID 53K5Z
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447329
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Swietenia fabrilis Cedrela mahagoni Swietenia mahogani Swietenia mahogoni Swietenia acutifolia Swietenia mahagoni var. praecociflora Swietenia mahagoni