Symplocos sumuntia Buch.-ham. ex D.Don

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Symplocaceae > Symplocos

Characteristics

Trees. Young branchlets brown, usually glabrous. Petiole 2--10(--15) mm; leaf blade elliptic, narrowly ovate, or ovate, 2--10 X 0.7--4.5 cm, thinly leathery, both surfaces glabrous, sometimes abaxially hairy, base cuneate to rounded, margin slightly serrate, sinuolate-dentate, or rarely subentire, apex caudate, lateral veins 4--8(--10) pairs. Racemes 1--6(--9) cm, subglabrous, pilose, or pubescent; bracts and bractlets very soon deciduous, linear, broadly ovate, or obovate, 2--5 mm and 0.3--1.5 mm respectively, densely pubescent. Pedicel 0.1--1.3 cm. Ovary 1--2 mm, glabrous or sparsely short appressed hairy. Calyx lobes triangular-ovate, 0.3--1.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely appressed hairy, margin ciliate. Corolla white or yellow, may be lilac when young, 4--8 mm. Stamens 23--40. Disc glabrous, annular. Drupes ampulliform to ovoid, 6--10(--15) X 3--6 mm, apex with persistent erect calyx lobes. Fl. Feb-Nov, fr. Apr-Nov.
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Low shrub to medium-sized tree. Twigs glabrous or nearly so, dark-coloured. Leaves glabrous, acuminate to caudate with attenuate base and glandular dentate margin, ± elliptic, 2-10 by ¾-4½ cm; nerves 5-8 pairs, meeting in an intramarginal vein; petiole 2-10 mm. Raceme few to many-flowered, 1-6 cm long; axis from nearly glabrous to pilose or pubescent. Bracts at base of pedicel, with the bracteoles soon caducous, appressedly hairy, 2-5 and ½-4 mm long respectively. Pedicel ½-13mm. Calyx glabrous to (sparsely) appressedly hairy, divided into ⅓ to 1½ mm long lobes. Corolla 4-8 mm. Stamens 25-40. Disk glabrous. Ovary glabrous to shortly sparsely appressedly hairy, 1-2 mm high; style glabrous, 2—11 mm. Fruit ovoid to ampulliform, 6-10 by 3-6 mm; stone shallowly (brain-like) grooved. Seed curved, embryo once or twice curved.
A tree. The leaves are narrowly oval and 2-10 cm long by 1-5 cm wide. The flowers are white or yellow. The fruit are oval and 6-10 mm long by 3-6 mm wide.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
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Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in mixed forests between 100-1,800 m above sea level in southern China. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
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Montane high forest, 1200-1500 m. Fl. Aug.-Oct.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-12

Usage

Oil is extracted from the seeds and used with food.
Uses dye material medicinal
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Dysentery (leaf), Gastrointestinal hemorrhage (leaf), Hemoptysis (leaf), Otitis media (leaf), Tonsillitis (leaf), Tuberculosis (leaf), Dysentery (unspecified), Tea (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
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Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Symplocos sumuntia world distribution map, present in Argentina, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Hong Kong, India, Iceland, Japan, Cambodia, Korea (Republic of), Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Malaysia, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:827322-1
WFO ID wfo-0001141729
COL ID 53S6J
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lodhra floribunda Lodhra samuntia Symplocos splendens Symplocos tonkinensis Bobua prunifolia Dicalix botryanthus Dicalix decorus Dicalix prunifolia Dicalix swinhoeanus Symplocos yaeyamensis Bobua swinhoeana Bobua uiae Eugeniodes urceolare Symplocos urceolaris Symplocos botryantha Symplocos leucophylla Symplocos caerulea Symplocos ovatibracteata Symplocos cavaleriei Symplocos sumuntia Symplocos prunifolia Symplocos punctata Symplocos sasakii Symplocos macrostroma Symplocos somai Symplocos sozanensis Symplocos decora Symplocos subconnata Symplocos dolichostylosa Symplocos rachitricha Symplocos swinhoeana Symplocos martini Symplocos fuboensis Bobua sasakii Bobua somai Bobua sozanensis Palura macrostroma Dicalix urceolaris Symplocos botryantha var. stenophylla Symplocos caudata var. macrantha Symplocos caudata var. macrocalyx Symplocos prunifolia var. tawadae

Lower taxons

Symplocos sumuntia var. modesta