Syntrichia papillosa (Wilson) Jur.

Papillose tortula moss (en)

Species

Bryophytes > Pottiales > Pottiaceae > Syntrichia

Characteristics

Plants small, gregarious or in small tufts, green to brown-green; corticolous. Stems 2-8 mm high, infrequently branched; in section with central strand, cortical cells large, becoming smaller toward margin, yellow-brown. Leaves imbricate with incurved apices dry, widespreading wet; broadly spathulate, 2.0-2.5 mm long; apex obtusely acute to rounded; margins plane, entire. Costa spinose dorsally, gemmiferous ventrally, excurrent as short, yellowish, weakly toothed awn; ventral superficial cells producing numerous gemmae, dorsal superficial cells elongate, incrassate, sparsely papillose; in section with 2 guide cells, ventral cells 4, in single row, thin-walled, producing gemmae, dorsal stereid band 3-6 cells thick. Laminal cells hexagonal to polygonal, 20-25 µm, smooth ventrally, dorsally with 1(-2) C-or O-shaped, spinose papillae over lumen; basal cells rectangular, smooth. Gemmae round, multicellular, 50-80 µm, green. Sporophyte not known in Southern Africa. Sporophytes from Australia show differentiated perichaetial leaves that sheath the seta. The capsule is similar to that of S. laevipila, but the seta is shorter and twisted to the right.
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Stems 1-4(-8) mm. Leaves incurved and slightly twisted when dry, erect to wide-spreading when moist, spatulate, (1.5-)2-3 × 0.75-1.25 mm; margins incurved when dry, plane to erect when moist, entire or occasionally serrulate near the apex; apices acute; costa excurrent into a short, smooth or serrulate, yellowish or hyaline awn 1/8-1/5 the leaf length, yellow or red, rounded and sharply papillose-serrate abaxially, smooth on the adaxial surface; basal cells gradually differentiated; distal cells isodiametric, rounded-hexagonal, 14-22 µm, papillae abaxial, single, simple, rarely forked near the costa, cells rather thick-walled, collenchymatous; cells elongate near leaf apex. Specialized asexual reproduction by gemmae borne on the adaxial surface of the costa, spherical or ovoid, 4-10-celled, brown when mature, smooth. Sexual condition reportedly dioicous. Sporophytes not known from the flora region.
Plants small. Stems 2-8 mm long, with central strand. Leaves broadly spathulate, 2.0-2.5 mm long; apex obtusely acute to rounded; margins plane; costa excurrent as short, yellowish, weakly toothed awn, spinose dorsally. Upper laminal cells hexagonal to polygonal, 1(2) spinose papillae dorsally; basal cells rectangular. Gemmae on dorsal surface of costa, round, multicellular. Sporophytes not known in area.
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Foliage retention deciduous
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Soil humidity 1-3
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-11

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Cultivation

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Images

Syntrichia papillosa unspecified picture

Distribution

Syntrichia papillosa world distribution map, present in Brazil and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID 35177773
WFO ID wfo-0001191357
COL ID 53ZR9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 434238
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Tortula papillosa Syntrichia papillosa

Lower taxons

Syntrichia papillosa var. chilensis