Thunbergia fragrans Roxb.

Sweet clock-vine (en)

Species

Plantae > Pteridobiotina > Angiosperms > Lamiales > Acanthaceae > Thunbergia

Characteristics

Herbaceous vine. Stems subquadrate to ± flattened, pubescent (strigillose) or glabrate. Petiole slender, 10-45 mm long, naked; blades ovate to narrowly ovate-deltate, 3-11 x 0.9-6.6 cm, acute to acuminate at apex, truncate to subcordate at base, pubescent on both surfaces, venation palmate, margin entire to irregularly sinuate to shallowly, coarsely dentate (especially near base where a few teeth sometimes become lobelike). Inflorescence with flowers axillary; peduncle 20-70 mm long, often stout, pubescent; bracteoles green, ovate, 11-20 x 5-11 mm, acute to acuminate at apex, truncate or rounded at base, pubescent. Calyx 3-5 mm long, 12-17-lobed, lobes subulate, unequal, 1-3 mm long, pubescent; corolla white, 25-50 mm long, externallly pubescent, limb regular, 25-55 mm in diam., lobes broadly elliptic, 10-22 x 13-21 mm, truncate at apex; stamens didynamous, 6-10 mm long, thecae 2.5-3.5 mm long, equal to subequal in size, subparallel, equally to subequally inserted, lacking basal appendages, glabrous; style 15-20 mm long, glabrous, stigma funnelform, not noticeably 2-lobed, 1.5-1.8 mm long. Capsule 10-27 mm long, densely pubescent, body subglobose, 8-13 mm in diam., stout, flattened, subulate beak 10-19 mm long; seeds 4, 4-5 mm in diam., with a prominent pore on flat side, surface wrinkled and covered with scurfy, scalelike projections.
More
Vines, herbaceous. Stems almost 4-angled to flattened, sulcate, hirsute. Petiole 0.5-4.5 cm, hirsute; leaf blade oblong-ovate to ovate to broadly ovate to oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3-14 × 1.8-7 cm, both surfaces puberulent to subglabrous except for trichomes along veins or rarely glabrous, palmately 3-5-veined, base rounded to sometimes cuneate or cordate, margin entire, irregularly sinuate, or shallowly coarsely dentate, apex acute to acuminate. Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncle 1.5-5.5 cm; bracteoles ovate, 1.5-2.5 × 0.8-1.5 cm, puberulent, apex acute. Calyx 3-5 mm, unequally 10-17-dentate, glabrous. Corolla white, 3-5 cm, sparsely puberulent; tube basally cylindric for 4-7 mm, throat 1.8-2.3 cm; lobes obovate, 1.3-2.5 × 1.5-2.3 cm. Stamens included; filaments 6-10 mm, glabrous; anther thecae ca. 3 mm, divergent, glabrous. Ovary glabrous; style 1.5-2 cm, exserted; stigma funnel-shaped, ca. 2 mm. Cap-sule glabrous, basal part ca. 7 × 10-13 mm, beak 1.5-1.9 cm. Seeds 4-5 mm in diam., smooth or with scales. Fl. Aug-Jan, fr. Nov-Mar.
Herbaceous climbing or twining vine; stems strigose, subquadrangular. Leaves ovate to ovate lanceolate, 5-10 cm long, 2.0-5.5 cm wide, chartaceous, the margins undulate, hastate to cordate at the base, the tips acuminate, strigose on both the surfaces; petioles slender, 2-3 cm long. Inflorescences with the peduncle borne singly, axillary, to 5 cm; bracts deltoid ovate, 1.5-2.0 cm long, 5-8 mm wide, the tip acute attenuate, the base rounded. Flowers with the calyx with 15-20 subulate teeth; corolla white, the tube 2.0-2.5 cm long, the lobes crenate, nearly as long as the tube. Capsule depressed globose, tipped by a stout flattened, subulate beak 1.0-1.5 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses environmental use material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 14 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Thunbergia fragrans leaf picture by Arvind Kulkarni (cc-by-sa)
Thunbergia fragrans leaf picture by ZOSMO SIMIAO (cc-by-sa)
Thunbergia fragrans leaf picture by Sumit Bhowmick (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Thunbergia fragrans flower picture by aarati (cc-by-sa)
Thunbergia fragrans flower picture by Marrero Magdalena (cc-by-sa)
Thunbergia fragrans flower picture by Lloyd Tamayo (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Thunbergia fragrans world distribution map, present in American Samoa, Australia, Brazil, China, India, Pakistan, Panama, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:56270-1
WFO ID wfo-0000409985
COL ID 56NY2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 446880
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Thunbergia mindanaensis Thunbergia roxburghia Thunbergia fragrans Thunbergia java Thunbergia angustifolia Meyenia longiflora Thunbergia fragrans var. heterophylla Thunbergia longiflora Thunbergia fragrans subsp. hainanensis Roxburghia rostrata Thunbergia fragrans f. javanica Thunbergia scandens Thunbergia cordata Thunbergia linearifolia Thunbergia bodinieri Thunbergia heterophylla Thunbergia hainanensis Thunbergia subsagittata Thunbergia volubilis Thunbergia loheri