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Loosely tufted annual, 50-600 mm high; sometimes rooting at nodes. Leaf blade 10-60 x 2-5 mm; ligule a fringed membrane or a fringe of hairs. Inflorescence narrow, spike-like; spikelets clustered on peduncles much shorter than spikelets. Lowest spikelet in each cluster 2.0-3.8 mm long, dorsiventrally compressed, awnless; glumes unequal, dissimilar; lower glume reduced or usually absent; upper glume 5-nerved, spaces between nerves 2-5x wider in middle and tapering sharply at ends, nerves formed into prominent ribs bearing bulbous-based hooked spines or prickles. Floret 1; anther 0.4-0.6 mm long. Flowering time all year, most commonly in summer.
Loosely tufted annual 50-600 mm high; sometimes rooting at nodes. Leaf blade 10-60 x 2-5 mm. Inflorescence 20-120 mm long, narrowly spike-like; spikelets clustered on peduncles much shorter than spikelets. Lowest spikelet in each cluster 2.0-3.8 mm long; a reduced lower glume occasionally present; upper glume 5-nerved, spaces between nerves 2-5 times wider in the middle and tapering sharply at the ends, bulbous-based spines hooked at the apices; anther 0.4-0.6 mm long.
Loosely tufted annual; culms 5–60 cm. high, erect or ascending.. Leaf-blades 1–6 cm. long, 2–5 mm. wide.. Inflorescence 2–15 cm. long, compactly cylindrical, congested; clusters plump, the tips incurved, comprising 2 spikelets of which the upper is smaller and borne upon a distinct internode 0.3–0.7 mm. long.. Spikelets (lower) 2–3 mm. long; upper glume 5-nerved, the prickles turgid to bulbous in their lower half and hooked at the tip.. Fig. 108.
Annual; up to 0.6 m high; loosely tufted; sometimes rooting at nodes. Leaf blades 10-60 x 2-5 mm. Flowers: inflorescence narrowly spike-like; spikelets clustered on peduncles that are much shorter than spikelets; lowest in each cluster 2.0-3.8 mm long; upper glume 5-nerved; spaces between nerves 2-5x wider than nerves (in middle; tapering sharply at their ends); glume spines hooked at apex; anthers 0.4-0.6 mm long.
Annual, loosely tufted, up to 0.6 m high. Leaf blades 10-60 mm long, 2-5 mm wide. Spikelets (lowest in each cluster) 2.0-3.8 mm long. Inflorescence narrowly spike-like; spikelets clustered on peduncles that are much shorter than spikelets; lowest glumes 5-nerved, spaces between nerves 2-5 times wider than nerves (in middle, tapering sharply at their ends); glume hairs hooked at tips; anthers 0.4-0.6 mm long.
Annual up to 45 cm tall, erect or geniculately ascending; leaf laminas 1.5–5.5 cm × 2–5 mm, flat or undulate, glaucous, the margins thickened, whitish, pectinate with bulbous-based hairs or barbellate.
Inflorescence 3.5–15 cm long, compactly cylindrical and congested; racemelets comprising 2 fertile spikelets borne on a short peduncle and separated by a distinct internode 0.3–0.7 mm long.
Spikelets 1.8–3 mm long; superior glume prominently 5-nerved, the nerves bearing hooked, bulbous-based prickles, glabrous between the nerves; anthers 0.4–0.6 mm long.
Loosely tufted annual to 60 cm. Leaves lanceolate, margins roughly ciliate. Spikelets crowded in a narrow false spike, awnless, burr-like with hooked glume hairs.
