Trema micrantha (L.) Blume

Jamaican nettletree (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Cannabaceae > Trema

Characteristics

Tree up to 15(-20) m tall. Branchlets 1.5-4 mm thick, puberulous. Stipules 0.2-0.5 cm long, puberulous, caducous (or subpersistent); petiole 0.2-1 cm long; blade chartaceous, narrowly ovate, 3.5-18 x 1-6 cm, more or less unequal-sided, apex faintly acuminate to subcaudate, base truncate to subcordate, margin serrate (to crenate), scabrous, hispidulous above, smooth to scabrous, sparsely to densely hirtellous to subtomentose or puberulous to hispidulous beneath; secondary veins 4-5 pairs. Inflorescences (in pairs) in the leaf axils, up to 2 cm long, branched or unbranched. Staminate flowers subsessile; tepals 5, ca. 1.5 mm long. Pistillate flowers pedicellate; tepals 5, 1-1.5 mm long. Drupes ellipsoid to subglobose, 2-2.5 mm long, at maturity orange or reddish.
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Monoecious trees to 20 m. tall, the young branches flexuose, villous; stipules narrowly lanceolate. Leaves lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 5-17 cm. long, 1.5-7.0 cm. broad, attenuate at the apex, hirsute and scabrous above, sparsely to densely villous below, serrate or entire; petiole 0.5-1.8 cm. long, villous. Flowers small, subsessile, bracteolate. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 0.75-1.0 mm. long, hirsute on outer surface; stamens 5, torus hairy; pistillode more or less cylindrical, about 0.5 mm. long, 0.5 mm. in diameter. Pistillate flowers: perianth as in staminate flowers; staminodes 0; the ovary globose, strigose toward the apex, the styles two, fused at the base. Fruit ovoid or subglobose, 3-4 mm. long, around 3 mm. in diameter, red, malodorous.
A shrub or small tree. The trunk is straight and usually only branches at the top. The crown is thin. The leaves are simple and alternate. They have teeth and have 3 prominent veins from the base. The flowers are very small and white. The fruit are berries.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 8.0 - 11.9
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.9
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Various forest formations, favouring more open, secondary growth formations but tolerant of a wide range of soil types and environmental conditions so long as they are not too wet.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in dry and wet places and also in lower mountain regions. In Argentina it grows between sea level to 2,500 m above sea level.
Light 3-3
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 5-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses charcoal environmental use fiber food material medicinal paper soil improve wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Chest (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Emollient (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Puerperium (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified), Ache(Stomach) (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Trema micrantha unspecified picture

Distribution

Trema micrantha world distribution map, present in Argentina, Antigua and Barbuda, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Mexico, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, El Salvador, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1018059-2
WFO ID wfo-0000457786
COL ID 582Z4
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630831
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Trema micrantha Trema macrophyllum Sponia stipellata Celtis canescens Celtis microcarpa Varronia alba Rhamnus micrantha Sponia macrophylla Sponia rufescens Gerascanthus albus Celtis albicans Celtis chichilea Celtis curiandiuba Celtis macrophylla Celtis micrantha Celtis riparia Celtis schiedeana Cordia alba Cordia ovata Sponia canescens Sponia crassifolia Sponia grisea Sponia lima Sponia mollis Sponia riparia Sponia schiedeana Trema lima Trema melinonum Trema riparium Trema rufescens Trema schiedeanum Trema strigillosa Sponia chichilea Trema canescens Trema chichileum Trema floridana Urtica alnifolia Calyptracordia alba Celtis lima Celtis lima Trema rugosum Trema mollis Sponia micrantha Sponia rugosa Celtis rufescens Celtis rugosa Celtis mollis Trema micranthum var. obtusatum Trema micrantha var. strigillosa Trema micrantha var. floridana Trema micrantha var. micrantha Trema orientale var. rugosa